历史频道《人类:我们的故事》第一集20:国际贸易的雏形

Amur is imdi's son.

阿穆尔是益姆迪的儿子

A partner in his father's business.

也是他父亲的工作伙伴

On a trade mission that widens the horizons of mankind.

在一次拓宽人类视野的贸易活动中

Hundreds of miles from home, he's carrying a cargo of tin

他带着一批锡 来到离家数百英里远之地

Mined in the mountains of Iran and Afghanistan.

这些锡是在伊朗和阿富汗开采出来的

Here you start to see the rise

从中你可以看到

of literally international trade.

国际贸易的雏形

Almost 4,000 years ago,

在约四千年之前

Traders like Imdi turn writing into something new.

像益姆迪这样的贸易商给文字赋予了新的功能

They literally make history.

他们因此也书写了历史

Hundreds of imdi's letters on clay tablets survive.

益姆迪的上百封信以泥板文书保存下来

In one letter, to a business partner,

在一封给商业伙伴的信中

He writes about his son:

他这样描述他的儿子:

"Amur is only interested in food and beer.

"阿穆尔只对吃喝感兴趣

"He needs to learn to do what he's told.

"他得学着干点正事

"He needs to become a man."

"他得长大成人"

The great value of the invention of the act of writing,

文字这种发明的伟大价值

was leaving all of us

在于帮助后人

a track record, a trail,

追溯前人的成果与点滴

what we now know as our history as human beings.

这也正是我们所知的属于人类的历史

But Amur's manhood is about to be tested.

但阿穆尔要成为男子汉还有待考验

重点讲解

1、literally

简直（一些用词谨慎者认为此用法不正确）

We've got to get the economy under control or it will literally eat us up.

我们必须设法控制经济，不然它非把我们吞噬了不可。

The views are literally breath-taking.

景色美得简直让人窒息。

确实地；真正地；不加夸张地

Putting on an opera is a tremendous enterprise involving literally hundreds of people.

上演一台歌剧是一项浩大的工程，说要涉及数以百计的人真是一点都不夸张。

I literally crawled to the car.

我真的是爬到车那边去的。

照字面地；直（译）地

The word 'volk' translates literally as 'folk'...

volk这个单词直译过来为folk（人们）。

2、survive

生存;存活;幸存

the sequence of events that left the eight pupils battling to survive in icy seas for over four hours.

致使这 8 个小学生在冰冷的海水里挣扎求生四个多小时的一连串事件

Those organisms that are most suited to the environment will be those that will survive.

最适宜该环境的微生物将会存活下来。

挺过;艰难度过

On my first day here I thought, 'Ooh, how will I survive?'

我第一天到这儿时就想，“天哪，我怎么能挺过去呢?”

people who are struggling to survive without jobs.

艰难度日的失业者

幸存;幸免于难;留存

When the market economy is introduced, many factories will not survive.

引入市场经济后，许多工厂将面临倒闭。

The chances of a planet surviving a supernova always looked terribly slim.

行星躲过超新星爆发的几率总是十分渺茫。

比…活得久;比…长寿

Most women will survive their spouses.

大多数女性都比配偶长寿。

She is survived by two daughters from her first marriage.

她身后留下了头婚时生的两个女儿。