听力文本

This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Steve Mirsky.
Got a minute?
"It's particularly concerning that 56 million Americans a month admit that they drive when they haven't gotten enough sleep and they are exhausted."
Charles Czeisler. He's the director of the Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School.
"Eight million of them lose the struggle to stay awake and actually admit to falling asleep at the wheel every month—causing more than a million crashes every year, 50,000 debilitating injuries... and 6,400 deaths."
He spoke at a recent Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Forum called Asleep at the Wheel: Drowsy Driving and Public Health.
"And we just finally got a consensus group, the first consensus panel of experts, to agree that if an individual has had less than two hours of sleep in the previous 24 hours that that's the equivalent of being negligent and should be added to the statutes. It's just like drunk driving."

"So there are three groups that are particularly vulnerable. Young people think that because they're young, they're fit—they can do anything—that they would be the most resilient in the face of sleep deprivation. But actually young people are the most vulnerable... there's actually a biological reason... so as we get older we lose cells in the sleep switch in the brain, in the hypothalamus, that help us make the transition from wakefulness to sleep... when we keep an 18-year-old awake all night and compare that to keeping a 70-year-old awake all night, the 18-year-old will have 10 times as many involuntary lapses of attention than the older person. So young people are more vulnerable, not less, to the effects of sleep deprivation."
"The second group that is particularly vulnerable are night shift workers... and the third group that is particularly vulnerable are people with sleep disorders, particularly sleep apnea. One out of three men and one out of six women have sleep apnea. And yet, 85 percent are undiagnosed and untreated. And it more than doubles the risk of crashes."
The entire hour-long forum featuring Czeisler and other researchers discussing drowsy driving is archived on line. Just google "Harvard public health forum".
Thanks for the minute for Scientific American — 60-Second Science Science. I'm Steve Mirsky.

参考译文

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学37!y7AqpoUtLr=TV#。我是史蒂夫·米尔斯基p(%R-o6jYLq~TcNu5Ag。
有一分钟时间吗？
“要特别指出的是，每月有5600万美国人承认他们在驾驶时睡眠不足且疲惫不堪s[XV8[ea|zCIF9p;7rT3。”
哈佛医学院医学系主任查尔斯·切斯勒说道Tc.ZX9H^%|W。
“这其中每月有800万人在驾驶时无法保持清醒，他们承认会在开车时睡着，这导致每年发生超过100万起撞车事故，5万人受伤，6400人死亡%!^Tk7EScwWvYwcJz。”
不久前，切斯勒在哈佛公共卫生学院论坛上发表了题为“在方向盘上睡着：疲劳驾驶和公共卫生”的演讲E[f29l[f^Gx_00xYwlC)。
“我们最终达成一致，第一个专家共识小组认为，如果一个人在过去24小时内睡眠不足2小时，这相当于是种过失，应被列入条例中Yj~93ZzB]i0-bH24I^。这种行为与酒驾无异x[nde-S-VmF+c=UZ。”
“有三个群体最易受到影响%jlHz2NNFj!gZ。年轻人认为他们年轻，所以他们很健康，可以做任何事，在应对睡眠不足问题时他们是最具弹性+v-RthwfY-xD0h。但实际上年轻人是最脆弱的，这是基于生物原因得出的结论，随着年龄的增长，我们大脑中下丘脑的睡眠切换细胞会逐渐丧失，这些细胞帮助我们完成从清醒到睡眠的转换，我们将一位彻夜未晚的18岁年轻人与一位彻夜未眠的70岁老人进行了比较，我们发现，18岁年轻人的无意识注意力丧失是70岁老人的10倍eP,vFoyk@ZN(.Br@75。因此，年轻人更易受到睡眠不足的影响|)S.DnGdTS[_Q3QzU。”
“第二个易受影响的群体是夜班工人，第三个易受影响的群体是睡眠障碍症患者，尤其是睡眠呼吸中止症患者CLia|.oSYQt3XpIBZU=[。有三分之一的男性和六分之一的女性患有睡眠呼吸中止症wsFeRGj05=ni)2qTX。但是其中有85%的人没有得到诊断和治疗k*V=7~|H7)&u。这会导致发生事故的概率增加一倍以上YG;LDipyu7RbLK7p。”
在长达一小时的论坛上，切斯勒和其他研究人员就疲劳驾驶进行了讨论，他们的讨论内容已经在线存档PA+HG#T2t7L@A。大家在谷歌上搜索“哈佛大学公共健康论坛”便可浏览T0rvP%&U]!。
谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学MC5tPREC%17E,=taN。我是史蒂夫·米尔斯基~(b3sKVJW66MX-%qUoRM。

译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！

重点讲解

重点讲解：
1. fall asleep 入睡；睡着；进入梦乡；
例句：Because I am tired, I fall asleep quickly.
因为我很疲劳，因此很快就睡着了+O,oAoSV!%nQ]Fi|。
2. add to 增添；增加；
例句：I have nothing to add to my earlier statement.
我对我先前说的话，没有什么补充的qyl|SbQ!T=8]|4oJxDH。
3. in the face of 面对；在…面前；
例句：We should hold on in the face of hardships.
在困难面前我们应该坚持tn.XS=!X^FIP+z8+。
4. be vulnerable to 易受伤害的；易受影响的；
例句：And the systems are vulnerable to being hacked into.
并且这样的系统易被黑客侵入#,9#Ut48Ia&.nSE。
5. out of （表示比例）每…中；
例句：In industrialized nations approximately one out of every 6,000 people lives beyond the age of 100.
在工业化国家中，每6000人中约有一人的寿命超过100岁[hoBt3=JXVxC|q~n。