(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
US-China Trade War Is Good News for Some Countries
As with any war, there are winners and losers. That is also the case with the trade war between China and the United States.
As the two sides battle, companies affected by high tariffs are looking to manufacture their products elsewhere. So businesses operating in other countries are experiencing economic growth.
Two factories in Vietnam manufacture electric bicycles for Pedego, an American company based in California. About 80 percent of Pedego's bicycle parts once came from China, but not anymore.
"Now, we're probably 70 percent in Vietnam, and 30 percent in Taiwan," said Don DiCostanzo. He is a co-founder of the company and its chief executive officer.
Shift to Vietnam
In February 2018, DiCostanzo decided to move production to Vietnam because of the threat of high European Union tariffs on Chinese-made electric bikes. Production in Vietnam started seven months later, in September. That was the same month the U.S government ordered tariffs on Chinese-made products that included electric bikes.
"We then were immediately able to accelerate that production," DiCostanza said. "And we began producing bikes in Vietnam for this country (the U.S.) in September right after the tariffs went in place, and by Jan. 1, (2019), we eliminated all production in China and managed to move all of our production...to Vietnam."
By the beginning of 2019, the factories in Vietnam were producing bicycles for Pedego. While some parts are still coming from China, DiCostanzo kept looking in other countries for those parts. In time, Pedego's need for Chinese-manufactured parts slowly decreased.
Trade war helps Vietnam and Mexico
Pedego is not the only company moving manufacturing away from China because of the trade war.
The U.S.-based company GoPro moved production of cameras for the American market from China to Mexico in June. GoPro said it made the move because of "possible tariffs as well as recognize some cost savings and efficiencies."
GoPro's cameras for markets other than the United States continue to be made in China.
"The two countries that are benefiting the most are Vietnam and Mexico...And everybody else is looking at them with envy," said Kevin Klowden. He heads the Center for Regional Economics at the Milken Institute, a research center based in Santa Monica, California.
The U.S. Census Bureau reports that goods imported from Mexico increased by more than 6 percent for the first six months of 2019, compared to the same time in 2018. It said imports from Vietnam during that same period rose by more than 33 percent. Chinese imports for the same period decreased by more than 12 percent.
"The Vietnamese government has done a (great) job of making themselves ready and available...as a direct competitor to China for a while, particularly on cost," Klowden said.
DiCostanzo said he found the quality of products from Vietnam was better than those from China.
Return manufacturing to US
Manufacturing and outsourcing products in a worldwide economy is a tricky business, however. Unusual weather, political unrest or even the appearance of a less costly competitor can cause businesses to turn to a different manufacturer.
"Manufacturing has shown itself to be mobile in a way that we never could have imagined years ago," Klowden said.
Some companies in the United States, such as Pedego, would like to manufacture their products in a U.S. community some day.
"A number of companies would like to move manufacturing back to the U.S. just...because of stability. (But) manufacturing that moves back to the U.S. employs...fewer people than it would have 20, 30 years ago," Klowden explained.
Any business that manufactures in the U.S. and can successfully compete in the current economy would use robots.
"These robots, you don't have to pay them overtime, and they don't have to take time off, and they work 24/7," Pedego's DiCostanzo said.
I'm Susan Shand.
重点解析
1.high tariffs 高额关税
He warned that new, high tariffs would destroy those plans.
他警告说，新的高关税会破坏这些计划。
2.take time 从容地；花时间
We should take time off for relaxation.
我们应该找时间做休闲活动。
3.political unrest 政治动荡
Viewed in the context of recent political unrest, these latest developments make perfect sense.
从最近政治动荡的背景下看，最近的这些进展有重大意义。
4.worldwide economy 世界经济
The worldwide economy is becoming a place where, overall, women are finding more success than men.
全球经济正趋于一体化，总体而言，女性比男性更成功。
5.A number of companies would like to move manufacturing back to the U.S. just...because of stability.
A number of 一些
We have lived here quite a number of years.
我们在这儿住了好些年了。
The police rounded up a number of suspects.
警方围捕了一些嫌疑犯。
6.A number of companies would like to move manufacturing back to the U.S. just...because of stability.
move back to 返回
She decided to move back to Milwaukee after all.
她最终还是决定搬回密尔沃基了。
I was gonna convince you to move back to New York.
我本来想说服你搬回纽约的。
参考译文
中美贸易战，他国渔翁得利
任何战争都有赢家和输家。中国和美国的贸易战也不例外。
由于两国的贸易战，受高关税影响的公司开始寻求在其它国家生产产品。因此，在其它国家经营的企业正在经历经济增长。
越南的两家工厂为总部位于美国加州的Pedego公司生产电动自行车。约80%的Pedego公司自行车零部件曾经来自中国，然而今时不同往日。
唐·迪科斯坦佐（Don DiCostanzo）指出：“如今我们的零部件可能70%来自越南，30%来自中国台湾。”他是该公司的联合创始人兼首席执行官。
转移到越南
2018年2月，由于欧盟威胁要对中国生产的电动自行车征收高额关税，迪科斯坦佐决定将生产转移到越南。7个月之后的9月份，越南开始生产。同月，美国政府下令对包括电动自行车在内的中国制造产品征收关税。
迪科斯坦佐表示：“我们当时很快就能加快生产。在9月关税生效后，我们开始在越南生产自行车出口到美国。到2019年1月1日，我们取消了在中国的所有生产，并设法将我们的所有生产转移到越南。”
到2019年初，越南工厂开始为Pedego生产自行车。虽然有些零部件仍然来自中国，但是迪科斯坦佐一直在其它国家寻找这些零部件。随着时间推移，Pedego对中国制造零部件的需要逐渐下降。
贸易战让越南和墨西哥受益
Pedego并非唯一一家因贸易战将生产从中国转移出去的公司。
今年6月，总部位于美国的GoPro公司将面向美国市场的相机生产从中国转移至墨西哥。GoPro公司表示，此举是因为“潜在关税以及意识到一些成本节约和效率。”
GoPro公司销往美国以外市场的相机仍在中国生产。
凯文·克洛登表示：“受益最大的两个国家是越南和墨西哥。其他国家着实羡慕。”克洛登是总部位于加州圣莫尼卡市的米尔肯研究所区域经济中心的负责人。
美国人口普查局报告称，2019年上半年，美国从墨西哥进口的商品比2018年同期增长了6%以上。该机构说，美国同期从越南的进口增长了33%以上。从中国进口下降超过12%。
克洛登表示：“越南政府在准备接手方面做的很出色，暂时成为了中国直接的竞争对手，尤其是在成本方面。”
迪科斯坦佐表示，他发现越南产品的质量胜过中国。
制造业回流
然而，在全球经济中，制造业和外包市场是一项棘手业务。异常天气、政治动荡甚至是成本更低的竞争对手出现，都有可能导致企业转向不同的制造商。
克洛登表示：“制造业以一种多年前我们从未想象过的方式显示出流动性。”
Pedego等一些美国公司希望有一天能够在美国生产自家产品。
克洛登解释说：“为求稳定，许多公司希望将制造业迁回美国。但是与二三十年前相比，迁回美国的制造业所雇佣的员工已大幅减少。”
任何在美国生产并能够在当前经济下成功竞争的企业都会使用机器人。
Pedego公司的克洛登表示：“这些机器人不要加班费，无需休假，而且全天候工作。”
苏珊·尚德为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
