(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Degrowth economics is the idea that the planet cannot survive endless economic growth.
“去增长经济学”认为地球无法在无休止的经济增长中生存下来。
That idea goes against modern economics, where growth is widely considered the best way for nations to build wealth.
这种观点与现代经济学相悖，现代经济学认为经济增长被广泛认为是国家积累财富的最佳方式。
But the theory is becoming more accepted.
但这一理论正在被越来越多的人接受。
Climate change continues to worsen and supply shortages are giving people a taste of a world with limited resources.
气候变化继续恶化，供应短缺让人们体验到了一个资源有限的世界。
The problems have led some economic experts to consider what a degrowth world might look like.
这些问题促使一些经济专家思考去增长的世界可能会是什么样子。
The U.N. climate science agency this year called for cuts in consumer demand, a major degrowth idea.
联合国气候科学机构今年呼吁削减消费者需求，这是一个主要的去增长的理念。
In April, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change declared that cuts to consumer demand were needed to reduce carbon emissions.
今年4月，政府间气候变化专门委员会宣布，要减少碳排放，就需要削减消费者需求。
Efforts to reduce carbon emissions were previously centered on increasing the use of clean fuel technology.
减少碳排放的努力以前集中在增加清洁燃料技术的使用上。
The term has also started to appear in investment notes.
这个术语也开始出现在投资笔记中。
"It is a provocative term," said Aniket Shah.
阿尼克特·沙阿说：“这是一个具有挑衅性的词”。
He is with the investment banking company Jefferies.
他在投资银行公司杰富瑞工作。
But it's not about going to a low-income country saying, 'You can't grow anymore'," he said.
但它指的不是对一个低收入国家说，‘你不能再增长了’，他说。
"It's saying: We need to look at the entire system and see how do we over time decrease total consumption and production in aggregate."
“它指的是：我们需要着眼于整个系统，看看我们如何随着时间的推移总体上减少总消费量和总产量。”
The World Economic Forum, the organization that runs the Davos economic meeting, published a degrowth article in June.
今年6月，举办达沃斯经济会议的组织世界经济论坛发表了一篇有关去增长的文章。
The article suggested that "it might mean people in rich countries changing their diets, living in smaller houses and driving and traveling less."
这篇文章提出，“这可能意味着富裕国家的人们改变饮食，住更小的房子，减少开车和出行。”
For Jefferies' Shah, those kinds of behavioral changes could make degrowth investments more popular.
对于在杰富瑞银行公司工作的沙阿来说，这些行为变化可能会让去增长投资更受欢迎。
He said that the online meeting service Zoom, for example, is a company that could be considered degrowth.
他表示，例如，在线会议服务公司Zoom就可以被视为一家去增长公司。
“…I can certainly see how a world that uses more web-conferencing ... means less travel, which is a very high-carbon-intensive way of transportation," said Shah.
沙阿说：“……我肯定能看到一个使用更多网络会议的世界……这意味着会有更少的出行，这是一种高度碳密集型的交通方式。”
Some countries have tried to measure economic outcomes differently than just growth.
一些国家试图以不同的方式来衡量经济结果，而不仅仅是增长。
The small Asian nation of Bhutan famously created a "gross national happiness" measurement.
亚洲小国不丹创造了著名的“国民幸福总值”。
Japan is looking into creating a "green GDP" measurement.
日本正在研究创造一种“绿色GDP”的指标。
GDP, short for Gross Domestic Product, means the value of goods and services produced in a country.
GDP是国内生产总值的缩写，指的是一国生产的商品和服务的价值。
But still, economic policy and markets are mostly driven by increasing consumption and production.
但是，经济政策和市场主要还是由不断增加的消费和生产推动的。
Tim Jackson is an economist who has long criticized that model.
蒂姆·杰克逊是一位经济学家，他长期以来一直批评这种模式。
He said the pandemic and the Ukraine war both challenged consumption with other concerns, like health or global political goals.
他说，疫情和乌克兰战争都在其他问题（比如健康或全球政治目标）上对消费构成了挑战。
At the same time, some countries could enter a state where their economies show little if any growth.
与此同时，一些国家可能会进入一种经济增长甚微（如果有的话）的状态。
This could be caused by many things like an aging population, limited international trade, or a lack of economic reforms.
这可能是由许多因素造成的，比如人口老龄化、国际贸易有限或缺乏经济改革。
Japan is a country that has experienced this.
日本就是一个经历这种情况的国家。
Experts also see it as a risk for Germany unless it quickly reforms its economic model.
专家还认为，除非德国迅速改革其经济模式，否则这对德国来说也是一种风险。
"Particularly in the advanced economies we are moving into a situation where to all intents and purposes, we're pretty much not looking at continued growth already," said Jackson.
杰克逊说：“尤其是在发达经济体，我们正步入这样一种局面：无论出于何种意图和目的，我们基本上已经看不到持续增长的迹象了。”
"If we haven't got an economics that will deal with that ... then we've got very little chance of managing it successfully."
“如果我们没有一套可以解决这个问题的经济学……那么，我们成功管理它的可能性微乎其微。”
I’m Dan Novak.
丹·诺瓦克为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
