(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
The World Economic Forum on East Asia is taking place this weekend in Indonesia's capital, Jakarta. IHS Global Insight studies economic conditions around the world. The company believes that, in two years, Indonesia will become Asia's latest trillion-dollar economy. Its reason: a jump in the gross domestic product or GDP, the total value of goods and services produced within a country.
IHS Global Insight predicts that by 2023, Indonesia's GDP will double to two trillion dollars. It also thinks Indonesia's GDP will rise to three trillion dollars by 2028.
The company expects Indonesia will have a larger gross domestic product than Russia by 2021. It says Indonesia's expanding middle class will make the country the largest market for consumer goods in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
IHS Global Insight chief economist Rajiv Biswas spoke with VOA's Victor Beattie about Indonesian President Joko Widodo, also known as Jokowi. Mr. Biswas noted how the president launched a major program to improve his country's power supplies, roads and other infrastructure.
"That has been very much part of his election platform, and in his early months of office, it's clear that he has a strong focus on that. And that is something that Indonesia very much needs. Indonesia is one of the Asian economies that is relatively underdeveloped in terms of infrastructure."
Rajiv Biswas says the spending on ports, roads and public services will help to fuel Indonesia's economic growth. The current growth rate is five percent a year. But it was about six and one-half percent a few years ago. Mr. Biswas says the government debt to GDP rate is low for Indonesia when compared to past rates. He says the former government did a very good job in reducing government debt levels.
Early in his administration, President Joko Widodo announced cuts in government fuel subsidies. For years the Indonesian government had used public spending to keep fuel prices low. The decision to cut subsidies was unpopular, but Rajiv Biswas says, it helped the economy.
"The fuel subsidy reform was very, very important because it was a heavy drain on their government expenditure in a rather unproductive form of just giving fuel subsidies to the entire population ... They will also be able to divert a lot of that money that would have been spending on fuel subsidies, towards infrastructure development, which is much more productive in the long-term for the economy."
Rajiv Biswas says automobile sales have jumped over the past five to seven years because of a rise in pay among Indonesia's middle class. He expects to see a pick-up in auto sales if the economy can grow at a rate of six to seven percent a year.
He adds that Indonesia still rates low on the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business Index. He says the country needs to increase manufacturing exports and create jobs.
IHS Global Insight reports that more than two million young people are joining the Indonesian labor force each year. It says continued job growth is necessary to avoid the risk of social unrest.
Yet the company estimates total per person GDP in Indonesia will rise from $3,400 this year to around $8,700 by 2025. It says this might give the Indonesian government a greater voice in international financial organizations and possibly the group of five nations known as BRICS. The five are Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.
I'm Jim Tedder.
词汇解释
1.platform n.(政党的) 施政纲领
The party has announced a platform of political and economic reforms.
该党已宣布了一份关于政治和经济改革的施政纲领。
2.underdeveloped adj. 不发达的
Underdeveloped countries should be assisted by allowing them access to modern technology.
应该通过允许不发达国家使用现代技术来帮助它们。
3.drain n.(资源、资金的) 外流; 消耗
Fraud trials are often complex and have become an expensive drain on the public purse.
诈骗案通常错综复杂，会给公共资金造成巨大损失。
内容解析
1.And that is something that Indonesia very much needs. Indonesia is one of the Asian economies that is relatively underdeveloped in terms of infrastructure.
in terms of 依据；按照；在…方面；以…措词
These resorts, like Magaluf and Arenal, remain unbeatable in terms of price.
像马加拉夫和阿雷纳尔这样的度假胜地，在价格方面仍具有绝对的优势。
In terms of quantity, production grew faster than ever before.
从数量上看，产量增长的速度比以往任何时期都要快。
2.It says this might give the Indonesian government a greater voice in international financial organizations and possibly the group of five nations known as BRICS.
a greater voice 更大的话语权
He said that emerging economies should have a greater voice in multilateral financial institutions such as the World Bank.
他说，新兴经济体应该在世界银行这样的多边金融机构中有更大的发言权。
New and emerging powers who seek greater voice and representation will need to accept greater responsibility for meeting global challenges.
在应对国际挑战的时候，那些要求更多话语权和表现积极的新型力量应承担更大的责任。
参考译文
东亚全球经济论坛本周在印尼首都雅加达举行，IHS环球透视对全球经济现状进行了研究。该公司认为，印尼未来两年将成为亚洲又一个万亿美元经济，原因是该国国民生产总值飞速发展，GDP是指一国生产的商品和服务的总价值。
IHS环球透视预测到2023年，印尼的GDP将翻倍，达到两万亿美元，还认为印尼的GDP到2028年将达到三万亿美元。
该公司预测到2021年印尼的GDP将超过俄罗斯，称印尼日益壮大的中产阶级将使得该国成为东盟国家中最大的消费品市场。
IHS环球透视的首席经济学家拉吉夫·比斯瓦斯接受了美国之音维克多·比蒂的采访，他谈到印尼总统佐科·维多多。比斯瓦斯指出，这位总统发起了一项重大项目以改善该国的电力供应、道路等基础设施。
“这一直是他竞选纲领中重要的部分，在他上任的最初几个月，很显然他很关注这方面，这也是印尼非常需要的。印尼是一个在基础设施方面相对落后的亚洲经济体。”
拉吉夫·比斯瓦斯说，在港口、道路和公共服务上的开支将帮助促进印尼经济的发展，目前的经济发展速度是每年5%。但几年前大约是6.5%，比斯瓦斯说政府的债务对GDP的比率与过去相比较低，他说上届政府在减少政府债务方面做得很好。
佐科·维多多在上任伊始宣布削减政府的燃油补贴，多年来印尼政府一直利用公共开支来保持燃油的低价格。削减补贴决定并不受欢迎，但拉吉夫·比斯瓦斯说这有利于经济。
“燃油补贴非常、非常重要，因为这是以非生产的形式通过大量消耗政府开支来给全体国民提供燃料补贴，削减补贴就可以将大量用于燃油补贴的开支用在基础设施开发商，而后者对经济的长远发展来说更有效率。”
拉吉夫·比斯瓦斯说，过去5到7年由于印尼中产阶级的崛起，汽车销售已经骤增。他预测一旦经济能保持每年6%到7%的增速，汽车销售还会继续增长。
他说印尼在世界银行的经商便利指数上评级仍很低，他说该国需要增加制造业出口并创造就业。
IHS环球透视报告称每年有200万年轻人加入印尼的劳动力队伍，称就业的继续增长对避免社会动荡来说是必要的。
然而该公司预测印尼的人均GDP将从今年的3400美元增长到2025年的大约8700美元，称这将使印尼政府在国际金融机构中获得更大的发言权，甚至可能在金砖国家组织中获得更得发言权，这五个国家包括巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非。
我是吉姆·特德。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
