(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report.
The International Labor Organization recently released a report suggesting that real wage growth in developed economies is close to unchanged. Real wage measure includes the affects of inflation. Developing economies are mainly responsible for world wage growth.
The ILO report says world wage growth is below the 3 percent rate that existed before the economic crisis of 2008. It says wage growth has slowed to nearly zero percent in developed economies over the last two years.
Wages are growing by 6 percent in developing economies, like China and other Asian nations. Wage growth in Eastern Europe and central Asia is almost as high.
The ILO report says wages in rich nations are still about three times higher than in poor countries. It says workers in developed countries earn $3,000 a month on average compared to $1,000 a month for workers in developing nations.
Sandra Polaski is the Deputy Director-General for Policy at the ILO. She says wages affect inequality differently in different economies.
"The report shows that in many countries, wages represent the largest source of income for households with at least one member of working age. In developed economies, wages account for about 60 to 80 percent of total income before households pay taxes. In emerging and developing economies, wages are about 30 to 60 percent of total household income," said Polaski.
The report says developed nations had increased any quality because of job losses and big differences between the highest and lowest wage earners. But differences between highest and lowest wage earners decreased in some developing countries.
The ILO says minimum wage policies -- rules for the lowest permitted wages, can play a strong part in dealing with poverty and inequality. Ms. Polaski disagrees with conservative critics of minimum wage policies. They say higher minimum wages mean fewer jobs.
"What the evidence shows is that increases in minimum wages in the order of magnitude that we actually see, whether in the U.S. or in other economies, in fact do not have that negative effect on employment. Instead, employers find ways of making up through increases in productivity, better work organization, etc.," said Polaski.
The ILO says the weakening of collective bargaining in many countries has hurt wages. The report says labor productivity -- a measure of economic productivity, continues to rise faster than wages in developed economies. The result, says the ILO, is that workers and their families are seeing fewer gains than the owners of capital.
And that's the VOA Learning English Economics Report. I'm Christopher Cruise.
词汇学习
1.release vt. 释放;放开;发布
They're not releasing any more details yet...
他们还未公布更多细节 。
2.slow v.(使)慢下来
She slowed the car and began driving up a narrow road...
她放慢车速,开始驶上一条狭窄的道路 。
3.inequality n.不平等,不均等
People are concerned about social inequality.
人们很关注社会不平等问题 。
4.household n. 家庭
Many poor households are experiencing real hardship.
很多贫穷家庭正经历严重的困难 。
5.decrease vi.&vt.减少,减小
The prices of polymers and suchlike materials will decrease.
聚合物及类似材料的价格会下降 。
6.minimum adj.最低的;最小的
He was only five feet nine, the minimum height for a policeman.
他只有5英尺9英寸高,刚刚达到当警察的最低身高要求 。
内容解析
1.The International Labor Organization recently released a report suggesting that real wage growth in developed economies is close to unchanged.
close to接近
It is close to fact.
这更接近于事实 。
2.It says workers in developed countries earn $3,000 a month on average compared to $1,000 a month for workers in developing nations.
on average平均
On average he watches three movies a week.
他平均每周看三次电影 。
compared to与……相比
His progress at school had been unspectacular compared to his brother.
和弟弟相比,他在学校里的进步很不起眼 。
3.In developed economies, wages account for about 60 to 80 percent of total income before households pay taxes.
account for(在数量、比例上)占
Together they account for less than five per cent of the population.
他们总共占不到总人口的5% 。
4.Ms. Polaski disagrees with conservative critics of minimum wage policies. They say higher minimum wages mean fewer jobs.
disagree with不同意,不一致
I disagree with Andrew Russell over his piece on British Rail.
我不同意安德鲁·拉塞尔那篇关于英国铁路公司的文章 。
参考翻译
美国之音慢速学英语节目,这里是经济报道
。国际劳工组织(International Labor Organization,IBO)最近公布的一份报告表明,发达国家的实际工资增长水平基本保持不变
。实际工资指标将通胀的影响包括在内 。发展中国家是全世界工资增长的主要因素 。国际劳工组织的报告称,全球工资增长仍然低于2008年经济危机之前的3%的水平
。报告称,过去两年发达国家的工资增长速度已经放缓至接近零的水平 。中国和亚洲其他国家等发展中国家的工资增长了6%
。东欧和中亚的工资增长速度也几乎达到这个水平 。国际劳工组织的报告称,富裕国家的工资仍然比贫困国家高出3倍左右
。报告称,发达国家工人平均每月能挣3000美元,与此相比,发展中国家工人每月只挣1000美元 。Sandra Polaski是国际劳工组织负责政策的副总干事
。她说,工资在不同国家对不均衡的影响不尽相同 。Polaski说,“该报告显示,在许多国家,工资是拥有至少一名劳动力的家庭的最大收入来源
。在发达国家中,工资大约占到家庭税前总收入的60%到80% 。而在新兴国家和发展中国家,工资只占到家庭总收入的30%到60% 。”该报告称,由于失业以及高、低收入阶层之间的巨大差异,发达国家的工资水平未取得任何增长
。但在一些发展中国家,高、低收入阶层之间的差异有所缩小 。国际劳工组织称最低工资政策——政府制定的关于被允许的最低薪资水平的规定——能够在处理贫困和不平等方面发挥强有力的作用
。Polaski女士并不认同保守派对最低工资政策的批评 。保守派们认为,提高最低工资意味着减少就业机会 。Polaski说,“证据表明以我们看到的程度提高最低工资,无论是在美国还是其它经济体,实际上都没有对就业产生负面影响
。相反,雇主可以通过提高生产力以及更好地组织工作等手段来弥补 。”国际劳工组织表示,在许多国家,弱化集体谈判已经影响了工资收入
。该报告称,发达国家的劳动生产率——衡量经济生产力的标准——仍然比工资水平增长更快 。国际劳工组织说,这种情况造成的结果就是,员工及其家属获得的收益少于资本家 。以上就是本期美国之音慢速英语经济报道的全部内容
。我是Christopher Cruise 。