(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report.
Chinese officials have predicted lower economic growth again this year. They say that huge government spending programs are coming to a close.
Instead, officials say they are seeking what they call "higher quality" but more modest growth. The goal is to increase domestic consumption and grow the economy in a more balanced way.
Last week, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang reinforced this opinion when he announced a target growth rate of seven percent for 2015. That is well below the Chinese economy's average over the last 20 years.
However, there are signs that the government has not yet ended its big spending programs. Li Keqiang announced a 13 percent increase in fixed asset investments, things like buildings and machinery. The premier also said there would be new spending in energy, railways, water management and housing.
Some economists believe this spending will be greater than needed to reach the government's growth target. Shen Jianguang is chief Asia economist at Mizuho Securities Asia in Hong Kong. He calls the additional investments a "silent stimulus plan."
In January, Li Keqiang promised to create 10 million new jobs in 2015, partly through investment in building projects.
The new spending program is less than the stimulus plan China put in place during the world financial crisis. In 2008, China announced a spending package of $570 billion. This year, however, Mr. Li has set aside $260 billion for spending in infrastructure and parts of the economy.
Yet the spending increase does nothing to increase personal buying in China or create demand for goods and services.
Recently, a professor at Renmin University spoke to Chinese state-run broadcaster CCTV. Tao Ran said that consumption levels are much less than what is needed to guarantee steady growth. Spending by the public is estimated at just about 40 percent of the economy while spending by government agencies makes up the rest.
The government is borrowing money to pay for new projects. Finance Minister Lou Jiwei said in a news conference that deficit spending will be about 2.7 percent of the gross domestic product. That is the value of all goods and services produced by the economy in one year. It is an increase over last year and almost as much as during the financial crisis year of 2009.
China's debt has increased four times since 2007. The McKinsey Global Institute estimated in February that total debt in China was valued at 282 percent of the economy. That includes government, corporate and household debt. The same report estimates U.S. debt to be 269 percent of GDP.
China's Ministry of Finance had been limiting spending to cool the economy. But Mr. Shen says the Finance Ministry appears to be changing that policy.
China's local governments hold large amounts of debt and that has hurt their ability to invest in new infrastructure. Yin Zhongqing, deputy director of the Finance and Economic committee of the National People's Congress, spoke to reporters recently. He said the central government would offer about $160 billion in low-interest bonds to replace existing debt owed by local governments.
And that's the Economics Report for VOA Learning English. I'm Mario Ritter.
词汇解释
1.reinforce vt. 加强，加固；强化；补充 vi. 求援；得到增援；给予更多的支持 n. 加强；加固物；加固材料
I hope this will reinforce Indonesian determination to deal with this kind of threat.
我希望这会加强印度尼西亚对付这类威胁的决心。
2.fixed asset 固定资产
Investment in fixed assets is important to ensure that the latest technology is available to business.
固定资产投资是确保企业获得最新技术的重要手段。
内容解析
1.Spending by the public is estimated at just about 40 percent of the economy while spending by government agencies makes up the rest.
make up 组成；补足；化妆；编造
The Chinese make up the largest single ethnic group in the city's public classrooms.
华人在该市公立学校的课堂中构成最大的一个族群。
Women officers make up 13 percent of the police force.
女警察构成警力的13%。
参考译文
这里是美国之音慢速英语经济报道。
中国官方再次调低了今年的经济发展速度，称即将终结庞大的政府开支项目。
相反，官方称在寻求所谓“高质量”但更温和的发展速度，其目标是增加国内消费，以更平衡的方式发展经济。
上周，中国总理李克强强调了这一观点，他宣布2015年保持7%的发展速度，这比过去20年来中国平均经济发展速度要低。
然而，有迹象表明政府尚未终结其庞大的开支项目，李克强宣布增加13%的固定资产投资，用于建筑和机器等方面。总理还说将增加在能源、铁路、水管理和房屋方面的新开支。
一些经济学家认为这些开支超过了达到政府发展目标所需的开支，沈建光是香港瑞穗证券亚洲公司的亚洲区首席经济学家，他称额外的投资是“无声的刺激计划”。
1月份，李克强承诺2015年新增1000万个就业岗位，部分通过对建筑项目的投资实现。
这个新开支计划比世界金融危机期间中国实施的刺激计划要少，2008年，中国宣布5700亿美元的一揽子开支计划。然而今年，李克强只拨款2699亿美元用于基础设施和部分经济领域的开支。
然而开支的增加并未能增加中国个人消费或创造对商品和服务的需求。
最近，人民大学教授陶然接受中国国家电视台CCTV的采访，他说消费远低于确保平稳发展所需的水平。据悉公共开支只占经济的40%，而剩下都是政府机构支出。
政府开始贷款用于新项目，财长楼继伟在新闻发布会上说，赤字开支将占国内生产总值的大约2.7%，与去年相比有增加，与2009年金融危机期间的开支差不多。国内生产总值是指一年之内经济产生的所有商品和服务的价值。
2007年以来中国的债务增长了四倍，麦肯锡全球研究所2月份估计中国的赤字总额占经济总量的282%，其中包括政府、公司和家庭债务。该报告估计美国的债务占GDP的269%。
中国财政部一直在限制开支以冷却经济，但沈说财政部似乎在改变这一政策。
中国的地方政府负债巨大，这就影响了投资于基础设施的能力。全国人大财政经济委员会副主任尹中卿最近对记者表示，中央政府将提供大约1600亿美元的低息债券来置换地方政府现有债务。
这就是美国之音慢速英语经济报道，我是马里奥·利特。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
