VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):孟加拉国加强对乡村银行的控制
日期:2013-11-09 20:41

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report.

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This week, Bangladesh's Parliament passed a law that brings the Grameen Bank under control of the country's Central Bank. Women directors of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh had promised to protest government moves to control the bank.

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Grameen means rural or village in the Bengali language. Grameen Bank's headquarters is in the capital, dhaka. 9 of the bank's 12 voting directors are currently village women. They recently condemned the new law. The Grameen Bank bill of 2013 will give Bangladesh's Central Bank the power to appoint 3 bank directors.

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Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina sent the bill to Parliament last week. The current directors question the government's right to seize control of the bank. They warn that this would destroy the success operation of a bank owned mostly by low-income women. They also called for future protests.

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Grameen was the first bank to make small loans to low-income people. Bangladesh economist Muhammad Yunus started the bank in 1976. Micro-lending quickly spread around the world. Such loan programs are now available in almost every country.

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Studies from many countries show the small loans have a powerful effect. Yet critics say it is not clear that such loans help families out of poverty. Some borrowers spend loan money to buy new things, instead of creating or expanding a business.

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In 2006, the Grameen Bank and Mr Yunus jointly won the Nobel Peace Prize. A documentary shown in Norway in 2010 raised questions about bank practices. After the documentary, the Nobel Prize Committee expressed support for the bank and for Yunus. But the Bangladesh government began efforts to oust him.

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In 2011, a court in Bangladesh forced him from his position for violating a Retirement Age Law. In September of this year, the government accused him of not paying tax. Mr Yunus denied the accusation. Critics of the government say the campaign against the Grameen Bank and Mr Yunus began in 2007, when he suggested he might run for office to answer problems with corruption in Bangladesh.

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In recent speeches, Mr Yunus has said, he wants to create what he calls social businesses. He says social businesses would earn profits, but the profits would not go to owners. He say they would be used to help people and the environment.

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And that's the Economics Report from VOA Learning English, I'm Mario Ritter.

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译文属可可原创,仅供学习交流使用,未经许可请勿转载

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词汇解释

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1.documentary adj. 记录的;文件的;记实的 n. 纪录片

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This great battle was vividly recorded in the documentary film.
这部记录片生动地再现了这场伟大的战役]XNqjrR^JEn

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2.oust vt. 驱逐;剥夺;取代

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He was ousted from his post.
他被撤职了_cOnODg&RjnMwg

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3.accusation n. 控告,指控;谴责

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Lyndon was exonerated from the accusation of cheating.
林登被免受进行欺骗的指控0UIg63]6w,^7S

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内容解析

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1.Yet critics say it is not clear that such loans help families out of poverty.

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out of poverty 摆脱贫困

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He views boxing as his passport out of poverty.
他把拳击看作自己摆脱贫困的手段Q4P#8B=l7RorUJ

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Some redistribution of income can help to keep the worse off out of poverty.
某种形式的收入再分配可以帮助穷人脱贫t(4[C,a]]M5[XRJc(

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2.Critics of the government say the campaign against the Grameen Bank and Mr Yunus began in 2007, when he suggested he might run for office to answer problems with corruption in Bangladesh.

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run for office 竞选

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He declared his intention to run for office.
他宣布了自己参加竞选的想法syfT4GWIRPZ()2,

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Many politicians run for office by taking sides on important issues.
有许多政客通过表明自己对一些重大问题的立场来进行角逐0Bo6&ci!!oc,^u(ug

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参考译文

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这里是美国之音慢速英语经济报道NMC,t=j5Ek

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本周孟加拉国议会通过法律将格莱珉银行(乡村银行)放在该国央行控制之下,该国格莱珉银行的女董事们曾表示抗议政府控制该行的举动!sH%m4s=h4Q2KYROrP|b

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孟加拉语中格莱珉意思是乡村或村庄,乡村银行的总部在首都达卡,该行12名表决董事中目前有9位是女性pi(e)H+g+2L)。她们最近谴责了这条新法,2013年乡村银行法案将使得孟加拉国央行有权力任命3名银行董事T-fy39xTD83XcW;S=h_

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总理谢赫·哈西娜上周将该法案递交国会,现任董事们质疑政府控制该行的权利,他们警告说这将毁掉这个主要由低收入妇女拥有的银行的成功运作Nv(gU!9e,Ie6x%。他们还呼吁未来进行抗议);,|W@&ydQ+7~h3

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乡村银行是第一个为低收入人们提供小额贷款的银行,孟加拉国经济学家穆罕默德·尤努斯1976年创建了该行WyjXM;ygfPSB,dn!。小额借贷在全世界发展很快,现在几乎每个国家都有这样的贷款项目Tn;2dO])_9w1#Wi]1

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多个国家的研究表明小额贷款具有重大的作用,但批评者说尚不清楚这类贷款是否能帮助家庭脱贫sJ7.sS6@x#K!f!q~。有的借款者将钱用来买东西,而不是做生意或扩大生意~xq,yy9KW_+.tt^

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2006年,乡村银行和尤努斯先生共同获得诺贝尔奖金)[b#70^O2xfe。2010年挪威展出的一个纪录片对银行的运作表示质疑ZfBuAwRhn&。纪录片播出后,诺贝尔奖委员会表示支持该行和尤努斯,但孟加拉国政府开始想驱逐他I_&Opc0TPv6

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2011年,孟加拉国一家法院以违反退休年龄法为由迫使他离职XfTJvO;R0ytW。今年9月份,政府指控他不纳税,尤努斯否认该指控w@lxniDxmefYT#7g。政府的批评者称针对乡村银行和尤努斯的运动开始于2007年,当时他表示他可能参加竞选解决孟加拉国的腐败问题ESPxoQ;la[nC91sE1M

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在最近的演讲中,尤努斯说他希望创建所谓的社会企业,他说社会企业会盈利,但盈利不属于所有者,他说盈利将用于帮助人们和改善环境*l4EVhgu]kNguUNQGTd9

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这里是美国之音慢速英语经济报道,我是马里奥·里特dLXWn,.c6%F4-3m1

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重点单词
  • documentaryadj. 文献的 n. 纪录片
  • accusationn. 控告,指控,非难
  • currentn. (水、气、电)流,趋势 adj. 流通的,现在的,
  • availableadj. 可用的,可得到的,有用的,有效的
  • redistributionn. 重新分配
  • jointlyadv. 共同地,连带地
  • campaignn. 运动,活动,战役,竞选运动 v. 从事运动,参加竞
  • spreadv. 伸展,展开,传播,散布,铺开,涂撒 n. 伸展,传
  • intentionn. 意图,意向,目的
  • socialadj. 社会的,社交的 n. 社交聚会