(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report.
The world is getting older. As more people retire each year, fewer working-age people will be there to replace them. This has effects not only in the work place but in the world finance. The bond rating agency Moody's says the aging population will lead to a drop in household savings. This could mean that total investments will fall and economic growth could slow.
Some reports have described Japan, Italy and Germany as the world's "Super Aged" nations. That is the name for countries in which at least 20 percent of the population is at least 65 years old.
Elena Duggar is head of Moody's Sovereign Risk Division. She says changes in many populations are taking place quickly.
"The demographic transition is upon us now and its progressing, by historical standards, quite rapidly," Duggar said.
In five years, six more countries will join the list of "Super Aged" nations. And 34 nations will be super aged by the year 2030.
Elena Duggar says this will have a big influence on labor and savings.
"That will translate into reductions in labor supply. At the same time aging means that the household savings rates will go down, which will negatively impact on investment. Both trends put together would mean that aging will have a significant negative impact on global growth," Duggar said.
The Conference Board reports on business conditions around the world. It says an aging population could reduce world economic growth by one percent in the next ten years.
Kishore Kulkarni is with the Metropolitan State University of Denver. He says immigration is one way to reduce the effects of an aging population. Older adults spend money differently than younger ones. And experts say that difference affects the economies of countries.
But Kishore Kulkarni believes that specialized career training and productivity gains from technology could make up for the drop in the number of workers. He says the problems of an aging population represent only a mismatching or misalignment of the demand for goods.
"It is a misalignment of demand rather than a total and a drastic change in the demand. And it is a challenge which we can easily accept and tackle as it comes to us," Kulkarni said.
He also says that an aging population will be less of a problem in countries where older people are highly valued. And most experts agree that younger workers will have to work longer and retire later than today's older workers.
And that's the Economics Report from VOA Learning English. For more Learning English programs, go to our websitewww.kekenet.com. And follow us on Facebook and Twitter. I'm Mario Ritter.
VOA英文文本来自51VOA，译文由可可原创，仅供学习交流使用，未经许可请勿转载。
词汇学习
1.replace v. 取代，代替
No one could replace him, but someone had to succeed him.
没有人能代替他，然而必须有人继承他。
2.total adj. 总计的（金额等）；全部的
What is your total estimated worth?
你的净资产总计大约有多少美元？
3.demographic adj. 人口统计学的；人口统计的
The situation is analogous to Stage I of the demographic transition theory.
这相当于人口过渡论的第一阶段。
4.household adj. 家庭的，家内的，一家的； 日常的，家常的
Josh expects me to manage all the household expenses on very little.
乔希指望我对每笔家庭支出都精打细算。
5.significant adj. 重要的；有意义的
The company looks poised to make a significant breakthrough in China.
这家公司看来很有把握在中国取得重大突破。
6.tackle vt. 着手处理
Ecological groups say that nothing is being done to tackle the problem.
环境保护组织称目前并未采取任何行动处理这个问题。
内容解析
1.This has effects not only in the work place but in the world finance.
“not only … but also …”是一个并列连词词组，其意思基本等于“both … and …”，但侧重点放在“but also”上，另外该词组使用时须遵守一定的规则，如要求对称，倒装及主谓一致等。
使用not only … but also … 时须注意的几点：
1. not only与but also后面所连接的词的词性必须对等：
(1) Frankin was considered not only an inventor,but also a statesman. 富兰克林不仅被看作发明家，而且被看作政治家。
(2) The nurse was not only competent but also kind. 这位护士不仅能干而且亲切和蔼。 (3) They not only broke into his office and stole his books,but also tore up his manuscripts. 他们不仅闯进他的办公室，偷走了他的书，而且还撕掉了他的手稿。
(4) Not only you but also she has to attend the ceremony. 不令你而且她也得参加典礼。
(5) In production,we should always keep an eye not only on quantity but also on quality. 在生产中，我们不仅要关注数量，而且要关注质量。
(6) They completed the project not only punctually but also perfectly. 他们不仅准时完成工程，而且完成得很出色。 2. not only只能连用，而but also既可连用，也可分开用： a. He speaks not only English,but also French. 他不仅说英语，还说法语。 b. Television is not only boring,but it also wastes a lot of time. 电视不仅乏味，而且还浪费许多时间。 c. She was not only compelled to stay at home,but she was also forbidden to see her friends. 她不仅被强迫蹲在家中，而且被禁止去看朋友。 3.谓语动词的数应与but also后主语的数保持一致： Not only you but also Mr Zhang teaches in this college. 不仅你，张老师也在此学院教书。
2.The bond rating agency Moody's says the aging population will lead to a drop in household savings.
lead to引起；导致
Mass unemployment may lead to social upheaval.
大批失业会导致社会动乱。
3."That will translate into reductions in labor supply.
translate into把…转化成，意味着
We must make efforts to translate our ideal into reality.
我们必须努力把理想变为现实。
4.It is a misalignment of demand rather than a total and a drastic change in the demand.
rather than而不；不是
Really it's a workmanlike conference rather than a dramatic one.
会议的确开得有板有眼，但谈不上激动人心。
参考翻译
美国之音慢速英语节目，这里是经济报道。
世界逐渐趋于老龄化。随着每年越来越多人退休，越来越少适龄工作人群取代他们。这不仅影响工作领域，还会影响全世界金融领域。债券评级机构穆迪表示，人口结构老化将导致家庭储蓄减少。这意味着整体投资将会减少，经济增长将会减缓。
一些报告描述日本，意大利和德国为世界“超级老龄化”国家。这个名字用于形容至少20%的人口为65岁或更老的国家。
Elena Duggar是穆迪主权风险分配部门负责人。她表示，许多国家人口方面的变化发生得非常迅速。
“人口统计学的转变正在发生，而且在不断进展，根据历史的标准来看，而且变化得非常快。”
五年内，六个国家将加入“超级老龄化”国家的行列。截止到2030年，将有34个国家成为超级老龄化国家。
Elena Duggar表示，这将对劳动力和储蓄产生重大影响。
“这将导致劳动力供应量的减少。与此同时，老龄化意味着家庭储蓄率下降，对投资造成消极影响。这两个趋势联合起来意味着老龄化将会对全球增长造成非常消极的影响。”
世界大型企业联合会对全世界的企业状况进行报告。该机构表示，未来十年，人口老龄化将使全球经济增长减缓一个百分点。
Kishore Kulkarni是丹佛州立大都会大学工作人员。他表示，移民是降低人口老龄化影响的一个途径。较年长的成年人支出方式与年轻人有所不同。专家表示，这些不同会影响国家的经济。
但是Kishore Kulkarni相信，专业职业培训和科技带来的生产力进步可以弥补劳动力数量减少的影响。他表示，人口老龄化的问题只代表对货物需求的不匹配。
“这只代表需求的不平衡，而不是需求的总体或急剧变化。这是我们非常容易接受和处理的挑战。”
他还表示，在老年人受到高度重视的国家，人口老龄化的问题相对不是那么大。大部分专家赞同，较年轻的工作人员将比今天的老年人工作更长时间，退休时间更迟。
以上就是今天的美国之音慢速英语经济报道。要学习更多英语内容，请登录我们的网站。也可以登录我们的facebook和twitter页面。我是Mario Ritter。
