听力文本

NASA Seeks Companies to Mine Resources on the Moon
The United States is offering to pay private companies to mine rocks and other resources on the moon.
The U.S. space agency NASA published an official government listing for the mining proposal on September 10. NASA officials are asking interested companies to collect rocks, soil and other objects from the surface of the moon. The lunar materials would then be sold to the space agency.
NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine says the project was created "for the purpose of demonstrating" that mined resources can be collected. He spoke at a conference organized by the Secure World Foundation, a space policy organization.
The proposals would not involve private companies sending workers to the moon. Instead, NASA wants the businesses to provide robots to be launched into space by the space agency or private companies.
NASA has asked companies from around the world to present proposals to collect 50 to 500 grams of lunar material from anywhere on the moon's surface. The companies will be required to provide images showing how the material is collected.
In a statement published on a NASA website, Bridenstine said the agency's goal is to gain control of the collected materials "before 2024." He added that officials would decide later how and when the materials could be transported from the moon.
Proposals are not limited to American companies and NASA "may make one or more awards," he said.
Bridenstein repeated NASA's goal of landing the first woman and next man on the moon by 2024 as part of the space agency's Artemis program. NASA also has set a goal of setting up a long-term base on the moon by 2028. From there, it hopes to launch a series of space operations, including possible flights to Mars.

Last May, NASA released the main ideas for what is being called the Artemis Accords. It hopes the ideas can lead to an international agreement on how people will live and work on the moon in the future. Such an agreement could give companies rights to own the moon resources they mine. For example, businesses doing work for NASA could use the moon's water ice to produce rocket fuel or mine lunar minerals for other purposes.
Bridenstine said the agency's plans are permitted under the 1967 "Outer Space Treaty," which governs international space exploration. The treaty states that outer space — including the moon and other celestial bodies — "shall be free for exploration and use by all states." The agreement bars any single nation from claiming ownership of such objects.
NASA's plan to send robots to mine resources is meant to "fuel a new era of exploration and discovery" and help all of humanity, Bridenstine said.
The space agency said it will consider the mined resources the property of the companies until they are sold to NASA. Then, the materials would become "the sole property of NASA."
"They are paying the company to sell them a rock that the company owns. That's the product," said Joanne Gabrynowicz, former chief editor of The Journal of Space Law.
She spoke to Reuters news agency. She added that, "A company has to decide for itself if it's worth taking the financial and technological risk to do this to sell a rock."
I'm Bryan Lynn.

重点解析

重点讲解：
1. set up 创建；建立；安排；组建；
I set up a ginger group on the environment.
我建立了一个积极从事环保的组织1mYqFX-[^T。
2. a series of 一连串；一系列；连续；接连；
The council has organised a series of events and competitions for school children in the area.
委员会为本地区的中小学生组织了一系列的活动和比赛ah9N*uzIm5Y9HPQ[mT。
3. lead to 招致；致使；导致；
They hoped this would lead to the departure of all foreign forces from the country.
他们希望这将驱使所有外国部队撤离该国pTD51.!-)NOQ。
4. be meant to do sth. 打算；意图；
The natural images in the poem are meant to be suggestive of realities beyond themselves.
诗中描绘的自然景象意在让人联想到景象以外的现实^YrT0!hv^|EtLak(#B。

参考译文

NASA寻找开采月球资源的公司
美国计划向私营企业支付在月球上开采矿石和其他资源的费用C=iD-.x#N3z。
9月10日，美国国家航空航天局（简称NASA）公布了这项开采计划的政府官方清单(eTHnAZTmVdPn。NASA官员邀请有意向的公司收集月球表面的岩石、土壤和其他物体[b7rpJmH3gHA1。然后将采集到的月球材料出售给NASADACsOb)_LPL。
NASA局长吉姆·布里登斯汀表示，这个项目是“为了证明”开采的资源可以收集rYEO2u~9V6R,MUfabfl。他在空间政策组织“安全世界基金会”筹备的会议上发表了讲话QX;k)*cBCXp%B#zD。
这一提议不向派遣工作人员到月球的私营企业开放fL)kj(*-4;7。相反，NASA希望企业能提供机器人，NASA或其他公司会将机器人发射到月球iV)=Ta%Gml.1。
NASA希望世界各地的企业提出在月球表面任何位置收集50到500克月球材料的提案#Cui=IyHxS!lGWpD。这些公司要提供说明材料收集方式的图像JVEzRdJCT&YT*pCpUV。
布里登斯汀在NASA官网上发表的声明中表示，NASA的目标是“在2024年之前”获得所收集材料的控制权ia@P@K]pmh@5。他补充说，之后官员将决定这些材料如何以及何时从月球上运回EIgcW~PvNt5ATHZuj1。
他说，提案参与者不仅限于美国公司，NASA“可能会选定一家或多家公司”u#idtaCPrkT9Zip]。
布里登斯汀重申，NASA的目标是在2024年前将首位女太空人和一名男太空人送上月球，这是NASA阿尔特弥斯计划的一部分6GqS[v9K+(-d(GHRZU1)。NASA还设定了2028年前在月球建立长期基地的目标QhwpqcIP4CV。NASA希望在在月球开展一系列太空行动，包括可能的火星飞行@uBeD28r=kgC!*hB。
去年5月，NASA公布了“阿耳特弥斯协定”的主要构想8NFp1^Pdtlg&|!Pqi#%。NASA希望这些构想能促成一项国际协议，就人们未来在月球上生活和工作的方式进行规定[bfbrR_f)u5;。这类协议会赋予企业权利，使其可以拥有自已所开采的月球资源Jm,u]bYdsK0afAs.lM[w。例如，为NASA工作的企业可以利用月球的水冰生产火箭燃料或开采用于其他目的的月球矿物2Yz+-pn,mlIJk+BwRO。
布里登斯汀表示，NASA的计划依据1967年的《外层空间条约》而获批，该条约管控国际空间探索iX)yeixz^n&NoK4iEt。这项条约规定，“所有国家都可以自由探索和使用”外层空间（包括月球和其他天体）DP!3e3=PzNje^;5。条约规定任何国家都不得对月球和其他天体提出主权要求cmRM9-yWj.ZB。
布里登斯汀表示，NASA发射机器人开采资源的计划旨在“推动一个探索和发现的新时代”，并造福全人类9,,YZ1+@|JhJ#wv。
NASA表示，所开采资源在出售给NASA之前被视为开采企业的财产AP+XmG^h=HA-n_zw[x。之后，这些材料将成为“NASA的独有财产”Qy5zuNQ-w4p。
《空间法杂志》的前主编乔安妮·加布里诺维奇说，“他们付钱给企业，让企业出售他们所持有的岩石D-8ghN3yIK)。这就是产品(@_kSqvpYzY03v5。”
这是她在接受路透社采访时所说yuM_pT0Gnc=^W%。她补充表示，“企业必须自行决定，是否值得冒着财务和技术风险出售岩石”LMh^lIhLnQpwT。
布莱恩·林恩报道B9a^U3aucQRoMD2w@。

译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！