(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
US Climate Report Says Weather Disasters Will Get Worse
A new U.S. government report says climate change is affecting the United States. It warns that the danger of destructive weather events — from powerful storms to extremely dry weather and wildfires — is worsening.
Some findings are in conflict with the statements and policies of President Donald Trump.
The report, called the Fourth National Climate Assessment, was released on November 23. It was written long before the deadly fires in California this month and before Hurricanes Florence and Michael struck the East Coast.
The report noted that new U.S. records for destructive weather have been set in recent years. Weather-related damage has cost nearly $400 billion since 2015, The Associated Press reported.
The climate assessment report
The climate assessment is required by law every few years. It was based on more than 1,000 earlier research studies. More than 300 researchers in 13 U.S. government offices and agencies prepared the report. It explains how the burning of coal, oil and natural gas is affecting different areas of the country and how this affects the U.S. economy, including energy and agriculture.
The report noted that temperatures in the Lower 48 states have risen 1 degree Celsius since the year 1900. By the end of the 21st century, the country will be 1.6 to 6.6 degrees higher, depending on how much pollution is released into the atmosphere. Studies have linked the temperature increase to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.
The climate assessment warned of longer and more powerful disasters resulting, at least in part, from rising temperatures. It said weather disasters are becoming more commonplace and warned that without aggressive action, they could become much worse.
The report avoids proposing policy changes. But it said that people must take steps to stop future weather disasters "to avoid substantial damages to the U.S. economy, environment, and human health and well-being over the coming decades."
"Future risks from climate change depend primarily on decisions made today," the report said.
Trump administration downplays report
The Trump administration is downplaying the importance of the findings. It says the report was largely based on "the most extreme scenario" and fails to consider new technology and other actions that could reduce carbon emissions and the effects of climate change.
A White House spokeswoman noted that, since 2005, carbon dioxide emissions related to energy production in the United States have dropped 14 percent. Yet emissions worldwide continue to rise.
The Trump administration has eased enforcement of several environmental rules enacted during the presidency of Barack Obama. The administration also has a campaign for the production of fossil fuels like coal.
Last year, President Trump announced plans to withdraw the United States from the 2015 Paris Agreement. He said the agreement would hurt the U.S. economy and said there was little evidence it would improve the environment.
The measure, signed by nearly 200 countries, sets rules for fighting climate change.
I'm Alice Bryant.
重点解析
重点讲解：
1. result from 由…产生；由…引起；
Beyond that, nobody really knows how much damage would result from temperature rises of the kind now considered likely.
此外，没有人确切知道我们现在所预期的气温上升到底会带来多大的危害。
2. in part 在某种程度上；部分地；
It is selling very well, in part because the packaging is so attractive.
这个卖得非常好，部分原因是包装非常吸引人。
3. depend on 取决(于)；有赖(于)；
Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up.
我们是否需要更多的食物，这要视到场人数而定。
4. withdraw from 退出(活动或组织)；
He advertised them of his decision to withdraw from the election.
他告知他们自己要退出选举的决定。
参考译文
美国气候报告表示气候灾害将进一步恶化
美国政府最新报告显示，气候变化正在影响美国。该报告警告称，从强风暴到极端干旱天气以及野火等破坏性气候事件造成的危险将继续恶化。
一些研究结果与唐纳德·特朗普总统的声明和政策相矛盾。
这份报告名为《第四次国家气候评估报告》，于11月23日发布。这份报告的撰写时间远远早于本月加州发生致命性火灾以及飓风“弗洛伦斯”和“迈克尔”侵袭美国东海岸的时间。
该报告指出，最近几年，破坏性天气接连创下历史之最。据美联社报道，自2015年来，与天气有关的损害已致美国损失了近4000亿美元。
气候评估报告
法律规定，气候评估报告要每四年公布一次。这份报告以先前1000余份研究分析为基础。来自美国13个政府办公室和机构的300余名研究人员参与了报告编写。该报告阐释了煤炭、石油和天然气燃烧会如何对美国不同地区造成影响，以及这些会如何影响能源和农业等美国经济领域。
报告指出，自1900年以来美国下48州的温度已上升了1摄氏度。到21世纪末，美国的气温将上升1.6至6.6摄氏度，具体数字取决于排放到大气中的污染物数量。有多项研究将气温升高与二氧化碳和其他温室气体联系到一起。
气候评估报告警告称，温度上升将导致灾害持续时间增加、威力增大，至少在一定程度上会产生这种影响。报告表示气候灾害越来越普遍，并警告称如果不采取积极的防治措施，那情况可能会不断恶化。
这份报告没有建议改变政策。但是报告表示，人们必须采取措施来阻止未来的气候灾害，“以避免美国经济、环境、人体健康和福利在未来几十年遭受实质性损害。”
报告指出，“气候变化造成的未来风险主要取决于今天的决策”。
特朗普政府淡化报告重要性
特朗普政府淡化了这份研究报告的重要性。白宫表示，这份报告在很大程度上基于“最极端的情境”，而且没有考虑到新技术和其他行动会减少碳排放和气候变化造成的影响。
一名白宫发言人指出，自2005年以来，美国与能源生产有关的二氧化碳排放量已下降了14%。尽管全球的排放量仍在继续增加。
特朗普政府放宽了巴拉克·奥巴马执政期间颁发的多项环境规定的执行力度。特朗普政府还发起了生产煤碳等化石燃料的行动。
去年，特朗普政府宣布美国计划退出2015年签署的《巴黎协定》。他表示，这一协定将损害美国经济，而且几乎没有证据表明该协定会改善环境。
《巴黎协定》由近200个国家签署，为应对气候变化制定了规则。
爱丽丝·布莱恩特报道。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
