背景介绍

【背景】

一般说来，宝宝在1岁或1岁半时，就开始能在夜间控制排尿了，尿床现象已大大减少。但有些孩子到了2岁甚至2岁半后，还只是能在白天控制排尿，晚上仍常常尿床，这依然是一种正常现象，大多数孩子3岁后夜间不再遗尿。遗尿症是指5岁以后每周至少有一次遗尿者，并不包含偶然一次的尿床。

孩子尿床往往是有规律的，如经常发生在某一时间，通常是在上半夜，有时可一夜多次。对待尿床的孩子，切忌打骂和羞辱性惩罚，那样只能使孩子精神更加紧张而加重尿床现象。应该解除孩子的心理负担，让孩子树立起信心，一旦孩子没有尿床要给予表扬和鼓励，孩子的尿床现象将会减少。父母应仔细观察孩子的尿床与什么因素有关，并加以着重解决。只要不是疾病因素引起的尿床，父母就不必过于担忧，父母要相信孩子能改正，这对孩子树立信心很重要。

生活中要加强孩子的个人卫生，注意清洗局部，内裤要天天换洗，尿湿后要及时更换。有的父母认为，让孩子穿湿裤子，孩子难受了下次就改了，但湿裤子的寒冷或腌渍刺激可能让孩子夜间又尿。孩子的卧具应干爽舒适，父母应在孩子经常尿床的时间提前一些叫醒孩子排尿。每天晚上入睡前先排尿，夜间父母对孩子的“表示”要能做出及时反应，不要让孩子憋急了尿床。睡前不要给孩子看惊险电视或讲恐怖故事，不要吓唬孩子。白天不要让孩子玩得太兴奋，孩子太疲劳时更要及时把尿以防孩子睡得沉而尿床。对经常尿床的孩子，晚饭要吃得淡一些，晚上应少饮水和不要吃含水量多的水果。

对于3岁前的宝宝偶然一次的尿床是正常现象，父母不要对孩子尿床表现出过于忧虑和给过多指责，更不能训斥惩罚孩子，尊重孩子的人格，培养孩子的良好性格是纠正尿床的重要方法。

如果孩子超过3岁后仍频频尿床，除生活上予以纠正外，可在医生指导下采用中西药物及针灸等方法治疗。

摘自百度贴吧

英文原文

【英文原文】

Sometimes your biggest weakness can become your biggest strength. Take, for example, the story of one 10-year-old boy Never a happy topic, bed wetting is a very distressing problem for five to seven million American kids. If we can’t explain why some people like to pick on these kids, can we at least shed some light on what causes bed wetting?

At one time, people punished bed-wetters for acting badly, but today scientists believe that this condition has several physical causes. Some kids suffer from problems like infections or anatomical defects that can be easily identified and treated.

Other causes are harder to pin down. One promising area of research is on the kidney hormone ADH. We all produce more ADH hormone at night. ADH signals the kidney to slow down production. This is why we don’t go to the bathroom for eight hours at night but could never last that long between bathroom breaks during the day. Some children who wet their beds do not produce enough ADH at night. When given drugs that boost this hormone, they stop bed wetting.

Finally, some kids simply have small bladders and an undeveloped nervous system. The good news is that these kids, like most bedwetters, will grow out of it as their bodies develop and mature.

【词汇讲解】

(可可英语版权所有,未经允许请勿转载)