背景介绍

【背景】

正确洗手的方法

正确洗手方法包含下列五个步骤：

1、湿 ：在水龙头下把手淋湿，包含手腕、手掌和手指均要充分淋湿。

2、搓：双手擦上肥皂，搓洗双手之手心、手背、手指、指尖、指甲及手腕最少要洗20秒。

3、冲：用清水将双手彻底冲洗乾净。

4、捧：因为洗手前开水龙头时，手实际上已污染了水龙头，故捧水将水龙头冲洗乾净，或用擦
手纸包著水龙头关闭水龙头。

5、擦：以擦手纸将双手擦乾。

洗手的注意事项

1.最好使用温水：摄氏38-42度的温水比冷水较有清洁效果。

2.去除手部首饰：如手上戴了戒指，会使局部形成一个藏污纳垢的特区，难以完全洗净。

3.要使用肥皂：效果比单独用水洗要好得多。

4.时间30秒：全部的洗手时间至少约需30秒，才能达到有效的清洁。

5.冲洗乾净：在整个冲洗过程中，双手须保持比较向下的姿势，以避免水逆流回未洗的手肘部位。

6.使用擦手纸：最好不要使用毛巾，因毛巾容易潜藏病菌，易将洗净的双手沾染病菌。擦手纸使用完暂勿丢弃，可用来关闭水龙头或开门，避免刚洗净的手又碰触公共物品表面而沾染细菌或病毒。

7.指甲须减短：洗手不能忽视容易沾染致病菌的指甲、指尖、指甲缝及指关节等，指甲缝并须随时保持清洁。

摘自百度贴吧

英文原文

【英文原文】

Most people believe that regular hand-washing is the best way to prevent infections. And they’re right: hand-washing does prevent certain infections, but too much washing can actually help some infections along. What’s going on?

Right now, there are millions of bacteria from hundreds of different species happily residing on your hands, not to mention your teeth, gums, eyes and ears. These bacteria are either transients or residents. Washing your hands helps remove transient bacteria that are just visiting from foreign places like the sink, doorknob and even other people’s hands. Washing shouldn’t remove your hands’ own resident bacteria, though.

While it’s hard to imagine your hands as a bacterial homeland, these residents are perfectly normal and are important in maintaining your health. They help prevent transient bacteria from settling in, and each resident keeps other residents from overpopulating.

If you scrub your skin too frequently, especially with anti-bacterial soap, you could upset resident bacteria, leading to the overpopulation of certain species and local skin infections. Scrubbing away residents might also let transients move in and cause disease. Finally, over washing could break down the skin itself. This allows harmless skin residents to go beneath the skin, where they can become dangerous transients.

So, while a good wash with soap and water is still a great idea, overwashing might lead to some unpleasant symptoms, not to mention inflamed and unsightly hands.

【词汇讲解】

1.bacteria n. (复数)细菌

如：It is possible to multiply bacteria and other living organisms in the laboratory.
在实验室能够繁殖细菌和其他生物。

Many diseases are caused by bacteria.
许多疾病是由细菌引起的。

2.transient adj. 短暂的

如：Her feeling of depression was transient.
她抑郁的心情一会儿就过去了。

Life is transient.
人生很短暂。

3.scrub v. 用力擦洗

如：Although she scrubbed the old pot thoroughly, she could not make it look completely clean.
虽然她彻底地用力擦洗那只旧壶，但她还是，无法把它完全洗干净。

4.unsightly adj. 难看的，丑的

如：Failing to do so would cause unsightly burn marks.
如果不这样做，便会产生，难看的烤糊痕迹!。

The marking on the wall was childish and unsightly.
墙上的记号幼稚而且难看。

(可可英语版权所有,未经允许请勿转载)