(单词翻译:单击)
背景介绍
【背景】
美国人也迷信。而且迷信起来,也一点不亚于我们有五千年“文明史”的中国人。只是,他们迷信的地方和重点,与我们的不太一样。他们只注重宗教意义上的迷信,而不是像我们中国人那样,几乎事事都很迷信。
他们认为,人类为了能把“时间”这个概念有效地组织起来,并好好地为人类服务,人们于是创造出了日历。而一年被分成12个阶段,起名叫“月”。所有日子又都被分到以七为单位的阶段里,起名叫“周”。有相当多美国人认为,如果某一天恰巧是星期五,又恰逢13号,那这一天注定要发生点什么相当不吉利的事情。
当然,这应该说毫无科学依据,但相信者始终相信着,也不与别人争论什么。更不会将自己所信的提升至有逻辑还是没有逻辑的层面上。很多人就是这样,自然而然地害怕这样的一天,没什么好辩论的。迷信一般都有很深的非常令人信服的原由。如果将这一原由仔细研究一下,即可解释请为什么会有那么多人相信自己所信的,并认为自己所信并非迷信。
原由之一就是基督教传统所致。事实上,对星期五又是13号的恐惧,是两个恐惧相加而成的:首先是对13号恐惧,再就是对星期五恐惧。而这两种恐惧都是深深地植根于西方文化之中的,尤其植根于基督教文化之中。“13”对于基督徒来说,是一个非常重要的数字。因为它正好是耶稣基督与门徒进行“最后的晚餐”时的总出席人数。耶稣基督一共有十二个门徒,加上他自己,正好是“13”这个数字。如很多中国人所熟悉的那样,其中一个门徒名叫犹大,他是第十三个人加入到这顿晚餐之中的。正是他出卖了耶稣基督,使得整个人类因此蒙羞,使整个犹太人因为犹大而蒙羞。第二次世界大战时,希特勒走得更远,干脆想把犹太人从地球上连根铲除。
摘自西祠胡同
英文原文
【原文】
American Superstitions
Many of us already know about several American superstitions. Having a black cat cross your path, walking under a ladder, and breaking a mirror are all bad luck. In addition to these, there are many other superstitions that are worth knowing. Understanding them will keep you safe from evil spirits—if you believe in such things—and impress your American friends when you mention them.
Like the superstitions in other cultures, American superstitions often involve the things important in daily life, such as health, numbers, and marriage. For example, have you ever had a cough that would not go away? According to one American superstition, you should take a piece of your hair and put it between two slices of buttered bread. Next, feed this hair sandwich to a dog and say, “Eat well, you hound, may you be sick and I be sound.” This will trick the evil spirits and help your cough. It will also raise some eyebrows if you try it.
In American superstitions, the number three is very important. Often, Americans will say, "All things come in threes." Three is lucky because it represents the traditional family: mother, father, and child. Therefore, gifts, letters, and guests will often arrive at your home in groups of three. However, it is also possible for bad events, like accidents and funerals, to come in threes as well.
Another time people pay attention to superstitions is when they get married. During a wedding, brides must wear or carry “something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue.” The old and borrowed things will bring luck to the person who gives them to the bride. The new and blue things will bring good fortune to the bride herself. The next time someone you know is getting married, be sure to recite this phrase.
As it would be unlucky to discuss one more superstition, we will wind things up here. Keep your fingers crossed, and stay lucky!
中文译文【中文译文】
笑谈美国迷信
我们许多人已经知道一些美国的迷信。路上碰见黑猫,从梯子下走过和打破了一面镜子都是不吉利的。此外还有其它许多迷信值得一知。了解这些迷信能让你远离恶灵──如果你相信它们的话──而当你在美国朋友面前提起这些迷信时,会让他们对你刮目相看。
正像其它文化中的迷信,美国的迷信通常与日常生活中的重要事情有关,如健康、数字和婚姻。如你有没有咳个不停的经历?根据美国的迷信,你应该把你的一根头发夹进两片涂了黄油的面包中。然后把这个夹有发丝的三明治拿去喂狗并对它说“好好吃,狗儿,希望你生病我健康”。这招就可以骗过恶灵,帮你治好咳嗽。如果你想这样做,也会让一些人感到惊讶。
在美国迷信中,数字“三”很重要。美国人常会说“无三不成礼”。三是个幸运数字,因为它代表了一个传统的家庭︰母亲,父亲和孩子。因此,礼物、信件和客人常常会成三出现在你的家。不过,事故和葬礼等不幸的事件也有可能会成三的出现。
人们留意迷信的另一个时刻是他们结婚的时候。婚礼中,新娘必须穿或带“一件旧的,一件新的,一件借来的和一件蓝色的东西。”旧的及借来的东西会给送东西给新娘的人带来幸运。而新的和蓝色的东西会给新娘本人带来好运。下次你认识的人结婚的时候,一定要背这句话给她听。
既然再讲一个迷信会倒霉,那我们就在这里结束吧。把食指和中指交叉,祈求好运而且永远走运!
词汇讲解词汇讲解:
1.superstition n. 迷信,没有根据的理论
如:He Was frightened by superstition.
他被迷信吓倒了。
It's a common superstition that black cats are unlucky.
认为黑猫不吉利, 这是一种普遍的迷信思想。
2.sound adj. 健全的,可靠的,合理的
如:They have got home safe and sound.
他们已平安到家。
3.recite vi. 背诵,回答问题
如:Recite the poem right from the very beginning.
从头开始背诵这首诗.
I don't like reciting in public.
我不喜欢当众朗诵。
4.wind up 结束,停止
如:In the event of failure we must wind up our business.
万一失败, 我们须将这事业停止。
The speaker will soon wind up his speech.
演说者就要结束他的讲话了。
5.cough 咳嗽
如:The baby has a cough.
婴儿咳嗽了。
She gave a quiet cough to attract my attention.
她轻轻地咳了一声好引起我注意。
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