新闻原文

【背景】

Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behaviour.,One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.

两项最新调查发现，惩罚并不是影响行为的最佳方法。
其中一项调查表明，如果在基于奖励的体系中工作，成年人会更加配合。这项研究由美国哈佛大学和瑞典斯德哥尔摩经济学院的研究人员进行。

【原文】

And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings. The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.

【参考翻译】

小组成员之间进行的惩罚越多，分数月底。惩罚最多的小组赢得的分数比惩罚最少的小组低25%。该研究发表在上个月的科学期刊上。

词汇讲解

1.And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings.
小组成员之间进行的惩罚越多，分数月底。

“the+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级”，表示“越……越……”。

The more money you make, the more you spend.
钱你赚得越多，花得越多。

如： The sooner，the better. 越快越好
the more, the better, 越多越好

比较级的另外一个常用结构就是“比较级+ and +比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”.

例如：
It is getting cooler and cooler.
天气越来越凉爽。
The wind became more and more heavily.
风变得越来越大。

2.The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment.
earn

1 (以工作) 賺<錢>,謀 <生>

He ~s fifty dollars a day.
他每天賺五十美元

He ~s his living by doing odd jobs.
他以做臨時工謀生.

2 博得<名聲>,獲得 <風評等> ; 值得 <報酬等>

~ a degree at [from] Harvard University
獲得哈佛大學的學位

~ a reputation for honesty
博得誠實的名聲

This is more than I have ~ed.
這超過了我應得的報酬

3.The study appeared last month in the journal Science.
journal

1 a. 日志,日記
keep a ~
寫日記

It's a good habit to keep a journal.
坚持写日记是一个好习惯。

b. [the Journals] (英)國會紀錄

2 a. 雜志,定期刊物
a monthly ~
月刊

b. (學術團體等的) 機關報章雜志

c. 日報

3‘航海’航海日志 (logbook)

4‘簿記’分類帳