VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):雷暴期间如何保持安全
日期:2020-07-14 15:33

(单词翻译:单击)

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Staying Safe During a Lightning Storm
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle Report.
Lightning is one of the most powerful weather forces to hit Earth. These huge bolts of electricity that strike during storms can cause destruction and death. Lightning can heat the air around it to temperatures five times hotter than the surface of the sun.
Lightning is very common. It is estimated that every second, about 100 lightning strikes hit the surface of the Earth. Experts at the website WeatherSTEM did the math and say this adds up to about 8 million strikes per day, and 3 billion hits each year!
In some parts of the world, for example India, summer lightning storms are very common. As the rainy season begins there, storms often cover most of the country's northern area. This is when lightning and thunderstorms happen most.
Lightning can be deadly. It is difficult to keep exact records on how many people die from lightning each year throughout the world. Some experts estimate that about 2,000 people die each year from lightning. Others say the number could be as high as 24,000.
The last week in June, Reuters news agency reported lightning strikes killed more than 100 people in two areas of India.
How to stay safe
Later in this program, we will give you some tips on helping a lightning strike victim. But first, experts at the weather.gov website, give tips on staying safe if lightning comes your way.

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Outdoor lightning storm
If you are outside, experts say you should take cover, which means finding a safe shelter for protection. During a lightning storm, no place outside is safe. If you hear thunder, lightning is close enough to strike you. Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree.
When you hear thunder, experts say, immediately try to move to safe shelter. Look for a strong, established building "with plumbing and electrical wiring." If lightning strikes this kind of building, the experts say, the plumbing and wiring will conduct the electricity better than the human body.
If such a building is not available, you can also seek shelter inside "an enclosed, metal-topped vehicle" with all the windows shut. You should stay in the safe shelter for at least 30 minutes after the last sounds of thunder are heard.
Nowhere to hide
If you are outside during a lightning storm and there is no safe shelter, these actions may reduce your risk:
Immediately leave high land areas, such as hills or mountains.
Never lie flat on the ground.
Never shelter under a tree sitting in the open.
Immediately get out of any bodies of water and stay away from those areas.
Stay away from objects that can conduct electricity, such as wire fences, tall structures, power lines or windmills.
Indoor lightning storm
If you are indoors during a lightning storm, you could still be in danger. Again, weather.gov provides these tips.
Stay off wired phones, computers and other equipment that can put you in direct contact with electricity.
Avoid any areas with running water.
Remain indoors but stay away from windows and doors.
Do not lie on concrete floors or touch concrete walls.
Aid for a lightning strike
Experts at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say that helping lightning strike victims can save their lives. It is safe to touch a lightning strike victim. People struck by lightning DO NOT carry a charge.
The CDC says to follow these four steps immediately to help a lightning strike victim:
1. Call for Help
Call for professional help immediately. It is safe to use a cell phone during a storm.
2. Get to Safety
Lightning may continue to be a danger. If necessary, move the victim to a safer location. However, do not move victims who are bleeding or appear to have broken bones.
3. Check the Victim
Lightning often causes a heart attack. Check to see if the victim is breathing and has a heartbeat. Lightning may also cause other injuries such as burns, shock, and sometimes physical damage to the body.
4. Resuscitate
If the victim is not breathing, immediately begin mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If the victim does not have a pulse, start cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR. Continue this until help arrives. Try to keep the victim warm to prevent hypothermia, or abnormally low body temperature.
And that's the Health & Lifestyle report. I'm Anna Matteo.

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重点解析

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重点讲解:
1. add up to 总计为;合计达;
For a hit show, profits can add up to millions of dollars.
一场热门演出的利润可达数百万美元OOqqTpn-4-N
2. take cover 躲避(炮火、轰炸或坏天气);
There was no place where we could take cover from the storm.
没有任何地方供我们躲避这场暴风雨^B-g&Z&wfQ
3. get out of 逃离;被迫离开;
I was going to get out of the building in case it went up.
我怕大楼起火,正打算要跑出去s3S;Td#@!y099
4. stay away from 不去,远离(某地);
Children must be warned to stay away from main roads.
必须警告孩子们远离交通要道v3CqQGb8As-gfr

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参考译文

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雷暴期间如何保持安全
这里是VOA慢速英语健康生活报道^VX*tVHGEqo+zw
闪电是袭击地球的最强大的自然力量之一(@5q9U&k@n。这些巨大的闪电在暴风雨期间的袭击会造成破坏和死亡WD!5)MZMA9o;P#n+。闪电可将周围的空气加热到比太阳表面高5倍的温度XqYL9@_gDZAl44,G^
闪电非常常见wy@.(]n&G7。据估计,每秒钟有约100次闪电击中地球表面z#*ZIz*rr5%。WeatherSTEM网站的专家进行了计算,他们表示,累计起来就是闪电每天袭击中地球约800万次,每年击中30亿次!
在世界部分地区,比如印度,夏季雷暴非常常见F7aI6Rt94!。随着雨季的开始,该国北部大部分地区经常被雷暴覆盖3Q!qCnxNXgADZ)r7hv[。这是闪电和雷雨最多的时候[;zz37#aaK2dh
闪电可能致命DU8[n%8Xn&NO_^1#a]。很难准确记录全世界每年有多少人死于闪电Kq#Q0+!U--]XxL^n)P。一些专家估计,每年有约2000人死于闪电M+igIa3I-czVW~。其他专家则表示,死亡人数可能高达2.4万人t)xaJs5B7C4]~_H
据路透社报道,六月最后一周,闪电袭击致印度两个地区超过100人死亡FAtW,EYHz];
如何保持安全
稍后,本节目将为大家提供帮助闪电袭击受害者的建议NXO;N39cvcO。但首先,weather.gov网站的专家将给出如何在闪电来袭时保持安全的建议PStvK[G7r[@qvH*
室外雷暴
专家表示,如果你在室外,那你应该躲起来,即找个安全的避难所保护自已y^=3IK.cM9o,l+A[L#。在雷暴期间,外面没有一个地方是安全的cU@i2T2r5If)。如果你听到雷声,那闪电已经近到足以袭击你了1^.Jv.V,81|s-wjFgES[。大多数闪电受害者都是在开放区域或树木附近受到的袭击[]|_j2By[yzVx
专家表示,听到雷声后,应立即设法转移到安全避难所8xU6EV2*Py7bOK#E(Uw%。要寻找坚固且“有水管和电线”的既有建筑物P^54WCCx)BEmcK!*。专家说,如果闪电袭击这种建筑,那水管和电线会比人体更容易导电OD1VOPmyaa0G-Wc~
如果找不到这样的建筑,你还可以在“封闭且配有金属车顶的车辆”里寻求庇护,记住要关上所有的窗户gCiT[9bvvn=dbH@OID。在听到最后一声雷声后,你应该在安全避难所中至少再呆30分钟eZSo)!^%D,Kk
无处躲避
如果雷暴期间你在室外,而且没有安全避难所,以下这些做法可能会降低风险:
立即离开高海拔地区,比如丘陵或山区3C*_L,n;mja
绝对不要平躺在地上!_3pvmEb-@2VO^
不要躲在露天的树下Mvz!y_OrENOB
立即离开水域,远离这些区域(MnPEp-[Ly2Gh3i&(xz
远离能导电的物体,比如铁丝网、高层建筑、电线或风车*gS~^.kzOWpC
室内雷暴
如果雷暴期间你在室内,你仍可能处于危险之中M8#_3UEAW1SYi。下列建议也由weather.gov网站提供NQ-&EbFk;EFw9iW
远离有线电话、电脑和其他可能让你直接接触电的设备HpSqiU2WbXX#B|p5
避开任何有自来水的地方j]8vxss](Z17BKN!
待在室内,但要远离门窗-._=V5Sz*awd
不要躺在混凝土地板上或接触混凝土墙.x88@Ezbwo[w
闪电袭击的援助
美国疾病控制和预防中心(简称CDC)的专家表示,帮助闪电袭击受害者可以挽救他们的生命s|,0f_99(%cHk1。触碰闪电袭击受害者是安全的Qd*QK=XtAdE&Bvi&Y。被闪电击中的人不带电荷%(uX|DL!Q02Q
美国疾病控制和预防中心表示,要立即采取下列四个步骤来帮助闪电袭击受害者:
1. 寻求帮助
立即寻求专业人士的帮助S%PovL3Z2gj*RP6Dtk。在暴风雨期间打电话是安全的hP2e0N|ZW,vEQ
2. 转移到安全地方
闪电可能仍构成危险a=MV,rWeKK&g。如果有必要,将受害者转移到更安全的地方pK]O!GP|Pj_v=[!A。不过,不要移动流血或似乎出现骨折的受害者;KDJmB[,QBJCSf@
3. 检查受害者
闪电通常会引发心脏病7w.M3|il(NhZ。检查受害者,看其是否有呼吸和心跳Rnsi!_Ej@D)k3s。闪电还可能造成其他伤害,比如烧伤、休克,有时甚至会对身体造成伤害haanHa[K70^=X4V9V.A+
4. 复苏
如果受害者没有呼吸,立即进行口对口人工呼吸sy.b_)w=hpdszB[KrA。如果受害者没有脉搏,开始进行心脏复苏(简称CPR)BlMfpon1nY+58s4il。坚持做到救援人员抵达Pga-tCu%t-c#LN6e@uD7。尽量让受害者保持温暖,防止体温过低或异常低的体温~%o%]R(a_!Z9]T
以上是健康生活报道u5mY,yHK3NY^;h]。我是安娜·马迪奥,VR#NoRXgyDpq

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译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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