VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):用蚊帐预防象皮病感染
日期:2013-09-27 18:38

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.

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Scientists are working on ways to stop a disease that threatens one-fifth of the world's population. Over 120 million people are infected with lymphatic filariasis, also known as elephantiasis. The disease is found mainly in Southeast Asia and Africa. It effects the lymphatic system which is a major part of the body's natural defense for fighting disease.

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Elephantiasis can cause swelling or enlargement of skin and tissue. The cause is a tiny worm that enters and lives in lymphatic tubes for six to eight years.

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Scientists say they have been able to demonstrate that the most common cause of elephantiasis can be stopped. They are urging those at risk to sleep under nets treated with chemicals that kill a common insect - the mosquitoes.

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Lisa Reimer teaches at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. She formerly served in Papua New Guinea, as part of the team studying the disease. The team involved researchers from Papua New Guinea, Britain, Australia and the United States.

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Doctor Reimer says she was surprised at how effective anti-malaria bed nets covered with insecticide could be at fighting the disease.

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"Filariasis is only picked up by mosquitoes late in the evening, so this is the time when people are more likely to be protected by their bed nets. So we found that bed net use actually is a greater barrier against filariasis transmission whereas malaria transmission may still be occurring outside the times when the user is under the net."

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Doctors normally use drugs to fight the disease. Ms Reimer says doctors in Papua New Guinea gave the drugs to people of five villages. She says this treatment nearly ended the threat from the worm to humans, but the drugs didn't stop the threat from mosquitoes.

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The treated nets block female mosquitoes from securing blood, which is necessary for them to reproduce. The insecticide also cuts the life of the insects in half.

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"If we can reduce mosquito-biting rates then we're able to increase the thresholds below which the disease prevalence will move to zero. So by controlling mosquitoes we're making the targets for the mass drug administration more obtainable."

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The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal of stopping lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem by the year 2020.

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The WHO estimates that 1.4 billion people in 73 countries are at risk of the disease. children are often infected, but they do not show signs of the disease until later in life.

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And that's the Health Report from VOA Learning English. I'm Bob Doughty.

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译文属可可原创,仅供学习交流使用,未经许可请勿转载

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词汇解释

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1.swelling n. 肿胀;膨胀;增大;涨水

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The swelling on her leg was dispersed by cold compresses.
冷敷消除了她腿上的肿块(lG.vSd_S[^

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2.insecticide n. 杀虫剂

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This new insecticide kills out most of the pests.
这种新杀虫剂消灭了大部分害虫Ofc%%FYG9-2G@0,

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3.reproduce vt. 复制;再生;生殖;使…在脑海中重现 vi. 复制;繁殖

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Most plants reproduce through seeds.
多数植物都是靠种子来繁殖D^~(ZlTPsvOHrWBp_1A

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4.prevalence n. 流行;普遍;广泛

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It has to do with the prevalence and features of a disease in a population.
它研究人群中疾病的流行和特征7j9rgjXAyB]r+ig-s]Im

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内容解析

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1.They are urging those at risk to sleep under nets treated with chemicals that kill a common insect - the mosquitoes.

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at risk 处于危险中

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The disease is spreading, and all children under five are at risk.
这疾病在蔓延, 五岁以下的小孩都有危险.

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The doctor must not allow the patient to be put at risk.
医生决不能置患者于危险境地而不顾scL~a!Yj)h,o4Dt-&+R]

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2.Filariasis is only picked up by mosquitoes late in the evening.

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pick up 捡起;获得;收拾;不费力地学会

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She picks up a lot of imformation.
她偶然得到许多信息Kvs|)S,Ews0Y

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Will you please pick up my parcel at the post office as you pass by?
请你路过邮局时把我的包裹带回来好吗?

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参考译文

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这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道wiH**WT.s|R;G~

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科学家在寻找办法治疗一种威胁全世界五分之一人口的疾病,超过1.2亿人感染有淋巴丝虫病,也叫象皮病shhXw2^5_]tddm(5。这种病主要发生在亚洲和非洲,能影响淋巴系统,该系统是身体抵御疾病的天然屏障的重要组成部分#z7vXtMHh1I

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象皮病能引发皮肤和组织肿胀,原因是一种小蠕虫进入淋巴管存活6到8年!7N)~Z1zsq*M.

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科学家称目前能证明最常见的象皮病能治愈,他们敦促那些有感染风险的人睡在经过杀灭蚊虫的化学品处理的蚊帐里@AJ,5vgBY!C08SiZ

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莉萨·雷默在利物浦热带医学院工作,她曾经在巴布亚新几内亚工作,是研究该疾病团队的成员3abnHzr+vD。该团队的研究者来自巴布亚新几内亚、英国、澳大利亚和美国-u[h4DSi#gF^k6i#_

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雷默医生称,看到喷过杀虫剂的抗疟疾蚊帐在预防这种疾病上很有效果,她感到很吃惊H+88LcsF+c9OL^

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“丝虫病只会由深夜的蚊子携带,所以这个时间人们很可能受到了蚊帐的保护),dtfdhM(dz。我们发现蚊帐是对付丝虫病传播的重大屏障,不过疟疾传播还是可以在不用蚊帐的其他时间传播-ce73(SQlfg。”

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医生通常用药物来对付这种疾病,雷默说巴布亚新几内亚的医生给五个村庄的人们提供了药物bz^=c^p~^n!,9NF6#c。她说这种治疗几乎能终结从蠕虫传播给人类的威胁,但这种药物对蚊子的威胁不起作用TYA)[!AGm-5nU|Vt

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经过处理的蚊帐能阻止母蚊子吸血,而吸血是蚊子繁殖的必要条件Sy#adm@_CMJ8M,5,E。杀虫剂还能将蚊子的寿命减半B+d4zwclq~N2g

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“如果我们能降低被蚊子叮咬的几率,那么就能将该病的患病率降低到零FQ!1|,u=cZW(。所以通过控制蚊子,我们就能使得大规模药物治疗的目标更容易实现T-[*av6(=~eO,0~[feqQ。”

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世界卫生组织提出了再2020年之前消除淋巴丝虫病这个公共健康问题Tvz,7STZl#&&Z5062B

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世卫组织估计全世界73个国家的14亿人口处于这种疾病的风险中,儿童很容易感染,但直到成年后才显示出这种疾病的症状1lNTuv!!IFKY4%L,u

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这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道,我是鲍勃·多迪xjnsRiIB]nFRGGK0wuS

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重点单词
  • parceln. 包裹,一块(土地),部分 vt. 打包,分配
  • populationn. 人口 ,(全体)居民,人数
  • administrationn. 行政,管理,行政部门
  • demonstratevt. 示范,演示,证明 vi. 示威
  • wormn. 虫,蠕虫 v. 蠕动,驱虫,慢慢探听出 n.
  • obtainableadj. 能获得的,可得到的,能达到的
  • reproducev. 再生,复制,生殖
  • tropicaladj. 热带的,炎热的,热带植物的
  • massn. 块,大量,众多 adj. 群众的,大规模的 v.
  • barriern. 界线,屏障,栅栏,障碍物