VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):闷热房间内睡觉会损害智力
日期:2018-08-15 15:28

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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Sleeping in Hot Rooms Bad for Brain

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From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

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Is your bedroom really hot? If it is, it may be affecting your memory and other thinking skills.

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Heat waves sometimes kill people who are very old, very young or in poor health.

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But new research shows that sleeping in a hot room can affect the thinking ability of even healthy young adults.

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This finding comes from Harvard University's T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Researchers there looked at 24 students before, during and after a Boston-area heat wave. Of the 24 students, four slept in rooms with air-conditioning, also called "AC" for short. And 20 slept in rooms without AC.

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The experiment lasted 12 days. The temperature of the room without air conditioning, or AC, averaged 26 degrees Celsius (78.8 F). The temperature in the rooms with AC averaged 21 degrees Celsius (70.5 F).

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Jose Guillermo Cedeno-Laurent led the study. He is a professor and researcher at Harvard's School of Public Health. He says he and his team considered several conditions in the rooms.

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"We measured very intensively, every five minutes, several environmental factors, which include temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide and noise, in each of the bedrooms of the participants throughout the duration of the study."

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He said they also used devices that recorded physical activity, including heart rate, perspiration, or sweat, and some sleep conditions. The researchers also noted how much water and caffeine the students drank and how much time they spent outside.

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Surprising findings

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The results were unexpected.

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"To our surprise, we found very significant effect of detrimental cognitive function among those students that we included in our study that didn't have air conditioning during this heat wave period."

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Basically, they found great harm to the thinking ability of the study participants in rooms without air conditioning.

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During the heatwave, students in buildings without AC performed on average 13 percent worse at these tests than those in cooler rooms. Specifically, the students who slept without AC during a heat wave were slower to respond and had difficulty making quick decisions.

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Daisy Chang (who was not part of this study) is psychologist at Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. She says there could be other reasons for their poor performance.

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"A whole host of reasons could potentially explain this kind of exposure effect. It's not necessarily directly exposure to heat. It [the heat] could have affected their sleep quality so they're less rested, they have less energy, or mental resources, or ability to focus."

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The rooms without AC had fans and open windows. So, they were louder at night. This could have made sleeping difficult.

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On the other hand, air-conditioned rooms can hold higher levels of carbon dioxide. This can also affect a person's ability to think.

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However, the students slept better in a cooler room.

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"We find that heatwaves are impacting us all. These impacts extend to populations like ]young and healthy university students. And we find significant effect in the way they think -- in their cognitive functions."

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Health experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say that the body temperature of humans should stay close to 37 degrees Celsius (98.6 degrees F). At higher inner temperatures, body operations can start to fail. If the body's temperature rises enough, it shuts down completely and the person dies.

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Earlier research centered on how hot weather affects at-risk populations. The CDC says older adults, the very young, and sick people are most at risk.

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On its website, the CDC lists other conditions that could put you in a high-risk group for getting sick in hot weather. They include:

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-Being overweight

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-Having a fever

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-Not drinking enough water

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-Having heart disease or poor circulation

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-Having mental health problems

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-Having a sunburn

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-Using prescription drugs

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-Using alcohol

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(For tips on staying healthy during a heat wave, please read this VOA Learning English story.)

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And that's the Health & Lifestyle report.

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I'm Anna Matteo.

重点解析

1.poor health 身体不适;营养不良

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Poor health and stunting caused by malnutrition often prevent or delay enrolment in school.

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营养不足导致的健康不佳和发育不良经常妨碍或延误入学AwgO9Ee#T.b.sXb

2.heat wave 热浪

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This heat wave has everyone dragging around.

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这阵热浪已使每个人感到倦怠25ozsI2gZq

3.prescription drugs 处方药

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The cost of prescription drugs there is second highest in Asia, after Japan.

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当地处方药物的价钱之高,在亚洲仅次于日本-595sw([I|ifAE@Dx^-

4.at risk 处于危险中

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If you can read this message, you are already at risk.

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如果你已经看到了这个信息,你已经处在危险中了UB!7DPU#HK.3^R

5.During the heatwave, students in buildings without AC performed on average 13 percent worse at these tests than those in cooler rooms.

on average 平均;普通

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American adults get only about 700 mg of calcium in their diet each day, on average.

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美国成年人每天从饮食中摄入钙质的平均水平只有大约700毫克Bs7*YKPfPMAi

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This implied there would be virtually no inflation at all, on average, over the next decade.

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这意味着,在未来十年内,平均而言将几乎没有任何通货膨胀C4&Q@Wu86IgV+,GKKG

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6.Health experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say that the body temperature of humans should stay close to 37 degrees Celsius (98.6 degrees F).

stay close to 靠近;紧跟

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In real life, the wealthy like to stay close to their own kind.

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在现实世界中,富人喜欢和富人呆在一起^U5=sj!O=b9&

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Do I want to stay close to home or live far away?

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我想离家近一些还是远一些?

参考译文

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闷热房间内睡觉会损害智力

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这里是VOA慢速英语健康生活报道Dp%0cOQpIl#%rsb3

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你的卧室里很热吗?如果是,这可能会影响你的记忆力和其它思维能力|hA~y95X7W[bKKCA|0

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高温可能会威胁到老人、幼儿以及身体虚弱者的生命ZIXD-28F_GE~

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而新研究表明,在闷热的房间内睡觉会影响青壮年人的思维能力,即使他们身体健康qI)9#U.(lHz@DZH;q-P

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该研究结果出自哈佛陈曾熙公共卫生学院uga]2PA__R*N,p;yt。该学院的研究人员调查了24名学生在波士顿地区高温前后以及高温期间的情况9d96+B1d@s%ttnG。在24名学生中,有4人在有空调的房内睡觉,简称“空调房”I~K^J#z5cZ。其余20人在没有空调的房间睡觉L(K@U5@th]Q*|

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该实验持续了12天G&vV-|T*G-。没有空调的房间平均室温为26摄氏度(78.8华氏度)5cKKtI&m;I。有空调的房间平均室温为21摄氏度(70.5华氏度))sH)~j4gVZ8*_

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闷热房间内睡觉会损害智力.jpg

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何塞·吉列尔莫·瑟丹诺劳伦(Jose Guillermo Cedeno-Laurent)主导了这项研究hd([#DIBYnB]。他是哈佛大学公共卫生学院的教授和研究员+l,GQ4j(Cy7D(tqqqXS。他说,他和团队考虑到了房间的几种情况c#p]JBHBby,y9n)^8M~

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“在整个研究过程中,我们每隔5分钟就会对参与者卧室的温度、相对湿度、二氧化碳和噪音水平等环境因素进行一次密集的测量4#*-9q(a@Jj)C9L!I(r。”

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他表示,他们还用设备记录下参与者的身体活动,包括心率、出汗情况和某些睡眠情况dGPr+2_+DrZAFx。研究员还记录了学生饮用水和咖啡因的情况以及户外活动的时长JZtk5!2ogg!)

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惊人的发现

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研究的结果出人意料]WiW|jOH_2

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“令人吃惊的是,我们发现,在我们的研究中,在高温期间没有空调的学生,其认知功能损害十分显著CcE#+#ShQcTds(PJ。”

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从根本上讲,他们发现房间内没有空调的参与者,其思维能力受到的伤害很大|kh-6]^*PDG

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在高温期间,房间没有空调的学生在测试中的表现比空调房内的学生差13%T@&j;Soy]_7Rg)6[。具体地说,高温期间,在没有空调的房间睡觉的学生反应更为迟钝,而且很难快速做出决定^-+)rtwHg3p&JST*T

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美国密歇根州东兰辛密歇根州立大学的心理学家黛西·张(Daisy Chang)并未参与这次研究es_yT#utfo-ff@=Vg。她认为,学生表现不佳可能还有其他原因m).^o3#~dfU61zxi

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“很多原因都可能解释这种曝光效应90Jg[2xoID=huOzU9。这不一定是因身处高温环境所致D#nc9x2b2|(e6V8#hzZ7。高温或许影响到人们的睡眠质量,因此他们休息不好,进而导致精力下降、或者精神不济、或者难以集中注意力Z-M%#Y21Qdh9fKua^%hy。”

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没有空调的房间设有电风扇,而且开窗通风,因此他们晚上受到较大的噪音干扰,这可能导致他们入睡困难[][r[y[2uA7I|2aZ

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另一方面,空调房间的二氧化碳含量较高wPK|lo[[PLr7Y33Xbfh。这也会影响一个人的思考能力uV&xsen|=R2i]8rcpV

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然而,学生们在更凉爽的房间睡得更好Jh#l4hO7)R7u

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“我们发现,高温正在影响着所有人T%P%ew37ffEs^Xfjj1q。这些影响甚至延伸到年轻、健康的大学生等人群OMtZ~,Nbo0m。我们发现这对他们的思维方式、认知功能有显著影响3y7%EpglgI+hQw%AI+yP。”

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疾病控制与预防中心的健康专家表示:人类正常体温应保持在37摄氏度(98.6华氏度)s~1h,pMbA^V~Z~-。体温较高时,身体机能可能会失调6RfbM12;Em。如果体温上升到一定程度,身体机能会完全失效,人也会死亡wdF5H|2z2D*JsXlJ[5

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早期的研究集中于高温天气对高危人群的影响|JqRu!hqkM-。疾病控制与预防中心表示,老年人、幼儿以及病人面临的风险最大0OHG[~*8vn

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疾病控制与预防中心的网站上列出了其它因素,这些可能会让你成为在高温天气出现不适的高危人群ZVoanT3OU;en&6

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超重

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发烧

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喝水太少

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患心脏病或血液循环不良

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有心理健康问题

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晒伤

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服用处方药

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饮酒

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(有关在高温天气保持健康的贴士,请阅读美国之音英语学习故事qtVze4,W%p(k.s2#。)

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以上为健康生活报道的全部内容B_Ev.5H~Or3SnrM[

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安娜·马特奥为您播报xMgH~#*O;k[Jo;f

译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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