VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):采用电击法治疗脑部疾病
日期:2014-06-26 08:39

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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From VOA Learning English this is the Health Report.

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Modern medicine mainly uses drugs to cure disease. But what if drugs were replaced with electricity? Pacemakers, small machines that doctors surgically place in the body, already use electric signals to help weak hearts beat right.

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And now, scientists are using electricity on the brain to ease the effects of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease causes uncontrollable shaking, or tremors.

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Simply walking down the street is a great gift for David Dewsnap.

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The usual drug treatment did not help his Parkinson's disease. So, doctors cut open his skull and placed wires, or electrodes, deep in his brain.

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The Deep Brain Stimulation System is a two part medical device. One part is thin wires that doctors place in the part of the brain connected with movement. The other part is a battery pack. The battery produces the electric signals.

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Before doctors wired his brain, Mr. Dewsnap could not even take a short walk.

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DAVID DEWSNAP: "This procedure has been just amazing for me. Without seeing me before, you don't really understand what it was like. I couldn't use ... the left side of my body. I couldn't (could not) use it really."

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Caleb Kemere is an electrical engineer and brain scientist at Rice University. He has been using brain stimulation in his experiments on rats.

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He knows this treatment works. What he doesn't know is how.

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CALEB KEMERE: "We are probably making it work not as it is supposed to work, but in a new way that allows for movements to happen faithfully or for a tremor to go away."

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Mr. Kemere says the small electric shocks may trick the brain. The shocks copy the work of a brain chemical called dopamine. Dopamine helps control movement – or motor activity.

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Mr. Kemere wants to develop a brain stimulation system to treat other disorders. He explains that the system would process signals coming from the brain in real-time and then use those signals to control its own electrical output.

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CALEB KEMERE: "We propose to take this and then expand into something that has a much more complicated processor like the one that is found in your cell phone that can process incoming signals that we actually would be getting from the brain in real time, understand what's (what is) going on and then modulate the brain stimulation in response to that."

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Mr. Kemere says first researchers need to settle some small problems such as what electrical signal to use.

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CALEB KEMERE: "We don't know what signal to use and we don't know how to do that modulation."

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The National Science Foundation gave Caleb Kemere money to work on such research. He believes there could be experimental devices that help people suffering from other mental disorders within five years.

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And that's the Health Report. I'm Anna Matteo.

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文本来自51voa,译文属可可原创,仅供学习交流使用,未经许可请勿转载

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词汇解释

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1.pacemaker n. [基医] 起搏器;领跑者;标兵

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She was fitted with a pacemaker after suffering serious heart trouble.
她在心脏出了严重问题后装上了心脏起搏器1G@M]W(~6OCeHKa8#V%1

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2.tremor n. [医] 震颤;颤动

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The earthquake sent tremors through the region.
这次地震的震感传遍了整个地区A;]adgo!pHIR=z@

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3.modulation n. [电子] 调制;调整

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The soft modulation of her voice soothed the infant.
她柔和的声调使婴儿安静了.N;zrztv[o]p@W^N-i0,

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内容解析

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1.CALEB KEMERE: "We are probably making it work not as it is supposed to work, but in a new way that allows for movements to happen faithfully or for a tremor to go away."

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allow for 考虑到,虑及

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You have to allow for a certain amount of error.
你必须考虑到一定数量的错误t#;Vq2IX~ZvCx9^M&9.O

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You'd better allow for the members voting against you.
你该谅解那些投你反对票的人们Zi)=Im2,.jn

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参考译文

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这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道x+LgGHI=fk+cX!7

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现代医学主要使用药物来治愈疾病,但用电来取代药物会怎样呢?起搏器是医生通过外科手术将其放置人体内的小装置,这种装置已经在使用电子信号来帮助虚弱的心脏正常跳动eogW=,+_lC.M~DTy!_x

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现在,科学家将电流用在大脑上来缓和帕金森疾病,这种疾病使得病人无法控制地颤动DPQLLvfPW|

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对大卫·杜那普来说,能在街上行走是一件幸事;a]6*4cyw^

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一般的药物治疗不能治疗他的这种帕金森症,所以,医生打开了他的头骨,将电线或电击放置入大脑深处fp+D7Ar)P*N.YRel8Je

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这种深脑刺激系统由两部分组成,一部分是细小的导线,医生将之放在大脑里与运动有关的部分,另一部分是个电池组,电池能产生电信号ijo5Wu(DvM_V

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在医生将导线放入他的脑内之前,杜那普先生甚至不能走几步nkc4kqvZj&|bK31HIJD+

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杜那普:“对我来说这个过程太神奇了,如果你以前没见过我,你不会明白我当时是什么情况,我无法使用身体的左侧,根本用不了@TQ,G]t0-|。”

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凯莱布·卡梅瑞是莱斯大学的一名电气工程师和脑科学家,他一直在小白鼠实验中使用大脑刺激M#HO_YUp+B1Qb;vx8J

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他知道这种办法有效,但不知道为什么=9Fqwpxyy,0l]e+(v]tU

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凯莱布·卡梅瑞:“我们或许无法让大脑正常工作,但通过采用新办法可以身体正确运动,或者让颤抖消失C.~NLL*TPb+ST9jJ[in。”

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卡梅瑞说这种小电击可能欺骗了大脑,电击是在模仿名叫多巴胺的大脑化学物质NA*-=jFBaZ+;。多巴胺帮助控制运动l2_GmDnEN^=q5

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卡梅瑞希望开发一种大脑刺激系统来治疗其他失调症,他解释说该系统能即时处理从大脑发出的信号,然后使用这些信号来控制我们身体的电流输出Y0-(%@WQrRS1E

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凯莱布·卡梅瑞:“我们建议采用这个办法,然后开发更复杂的处理器,就像手机可以处理输入的信号lOo|vX=;f3m_Cmi6N2K。我们会从大脑即时获得信号,弄明白是怎么回事,然后调节大脑刺激来做出反应ZS=#CjN.u5T]2。”

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卡梅瑞说,首先,研究者需要解决一些小问题,比如使用什么样的电子信号DLX,Ruo_R2L5zpZP

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凯莱布·卡梅瑞:“我们不知道使用什么样的信号,也不知道如何调节*hu@k4*oK&DWl=Cgx。”

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美国国家科学基金会为凯莱布·卡梅瑞做此类研究提供资金,他认为5年内会出现用于帮助患有其他精神疾病者的实验设备5GKpdF(285(o=)Xa*9fK

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这就是健康报道,我是安娜·马特奥1)#p(EWqfJ1sH#

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点击此处下载本期VOA慢速新闻讲解PDF与音频字幕

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重点单词
  • certainadj. 确定的,必然的,特定的 pron. 某几个,某
  • settlev. 安顿,解决,定居 n. 有背的长凳
  • expandv. 增加,详述,扩展,使 ... 膨胀, vi. (谈
  • beatv. 打败,战胜,打,敲打,跳动 n. 敲打,拍子,心跳
  • mentaladj. 精神的,脑力的,精神错乱的 n. 精神病患者
  • votingn. 投票 动词vote的现在分词形式
  • stimulationn. 刺激,激励,鼓舞
  • proceduren. 程序,手续,步骤; 常规的做法
  • complicatedadj. 复杂的,难懂的 动词complicate的过去
  • foundationn. 基础,根据,建立 n. 粉底霜,基金会