(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Study: Not Enough Exercise Leads to Sickness
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise. That represents about one-fourth of the world's adult population.
Those numbers come from the United Nations' World Health Organization (WHO). A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise greatly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and other health problems. These problems include type 2 diabetes, dementia and even some cancers.
The WHO says the new study is the first to estimate physical activity trends around the world over time. A report on the study was published earlier this month in The Lancet.
Researchers looked at 358 population-based studies between 2001 and 2016. Those studies involved nearly 2 million people in 168 countries.
The researchers wrote that the "availability of data across income groups and regions was spread fairly evenly." They said the exception is in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Nearly half of the countries had no data on activity levels.
In a statement, the WHO said that many people are not moving around enough and this is a cause for concern.
Activity levels depend on many things.
For example, take sex. Except for East and Southeast Asia, women are less active than men in all other areas of the world.
Regina Guthold was the lead author of the report. She says the study also found a wide range of physical activity levels for countries around the world. She notes that some nations appeared to be more active than others.
"Ranging from as low as six percent in Uganda and Mozambique to 67 percent in Kuwait. Four countries had a prevalence of inactivity of over 50 percent. That's Kuwait, America Samoa, Saudi Arabia and Iraq. And this all refers to the year 2016."
Another factor is a person's wealth. The report notes that people in wealthier countries generally are more inactive than those in other countries.
The report said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in wealthy countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages. In wealthier countries, people are more likely to spend time sitting in offices. They are also more likely to use computers and electronic devices for recreational activities and to travel long distances.
The report notes that people in poorer countries often do more physical labor. They are also less likely to use motorized vehicles. This leads to being more physically active.
How much activity should we get?
To stay healthy, the report suggests that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week.
It also urges governments to provide and care for infrastructure, such as better and safer roads. This would help support increased walking and cycling for transportation, as well as sports and physical recreation.
There are also many things people can do for themselves.
If you work in a high-rise office building, take the stairs instead of an elevator or escalator. Go for a walk during your lunch break. Take more breaks during the work day and move around. If your workplace offers a gym — a place to work out — or exercise classes, make sure to use them.
At home, take walks with your family or friends after dinner. Take classes such as kickboxing or yoga. Do your own yard and house work. Join an activity that you can do with a group, such as biking or boating.
Go dancing with friends. Exercise or stretch as you watch television at night.
And that's the Health & Lifestyle report.
I'm Anna Matteo.
重点解析
重点讲解：
1. depend on 取决(于)；有赖(于)；
The risk and severity of sunburn depend on the body's natural skin colour.
晒伤的风险和严重程度取决于人体的自然肤色。
2. except for 除了；除…之外；唯有；
I sold everything I owned except for my car and my books.
我把我所有的东西都卖掉了，只剩下汽车和书。
3. care for 照料；照顾；护理；
These versatile plants are relatively easy to care for and fairly inexpensive.
这种多变性的植物相当容易护养而且不贵。
4. instead of 代替…；而不是…；
Instead of rushing at life, I wanted something more meaningful.
我不想混日子，我想做点更有意义的事情。
参考译文
研究表明缺乏锻炼会引发疾病风险
这里是VOA慢速英语健康生活报道。
全球有14亿人缺乏锻炼。这一人数相当于世界成年人口的四分之一左右。
这是联合国世界卫生组织（简称WHO）公布的数据。世卫组织发布的一项新报告警告称，缺乏锻炼会极大地增加心血管疾病和其他健康问题的风险。这些问题包括2型糖尿病、痴呆症、甚至是某些癌症。
世卫组织表示，这项新研究首次评估了全球体育活动随时间推移的变化趋势。这项研究报告发表在本月初出版的《柳叶刀》期刊上。
研究人员查看了2001年至2016年进行的358份以人群为基础的研究。这些研究涵盖168个国家的近200万人。
研究人员写道，“数据可用性包括各收入群体和各地区，而且分布相当平均。”他们表示，拉丁美洲和加勒比海国家是例外。这些国家中有近半数没有运动水平的数据。
世卫组织在声明中表示，现在许多人的运动量不足，这是令人担心的问题。
运动水平取决于许多因素。
以性别为例。除东亚和东南亚以外，世界其他地区女性的运动量均比男性少。
雷吉娜·古索尔德是该研究报告的主要作者。她说，研究还发现，世界各国的体育活动水平各种各样。她指出，一些国家似乎比其他国家的运动水平高。
“乌干达和莫桑比克只有6%的人不参加运动，而科威特不运动人群的比例则高达67%。有4个国家的不运动人数超过50%。分别是：科威特、美属萨摩亚、沙特阿拉伯和伊拉克。这些是2016年调查的结果。”
另一个影响因素是个人财富。报告指出，一般来说，较富裕国家的运动水平低于其他国家。
报告表示，富裕国家的不运动水平是低收入国家的两倍多。在较富裕国家，人们更可能在办公室工作。他们更可能使用电脑和电子设备来进行娱乐活动，更可能进行长距离出行。
报告指出，较贫穷国家的民众通常会做更多的体力劳动。他们不太可能使用机动车。这就增加了他们的运动量。
我们应该做多少运动？
报告建议，为了保持健康，人们每周应至少做150分钟的中等强度身体活动或75分钟的高强度身体活动。
报告还敦促各国政府提供并维护基础设施，比如更好、更安全的道路。这将有助于支持增加人们步行和骑自行车以及运动和休闲娱乐的机会。
还有很多人们能自已做的事情。
如果你在高层办公楼工作，你可以爬楼梯锻炼，而不是乘坐电梯或扶梯。午休时间可以去外面散散步。工作期间多休息休息，起来活动一下。如果你的办公场所配备健身房——可以锻炼或上健身课的地方——那要确保将健身房利用起来。
如果是在家，那可以在晚饭后和家人或朋友出去散步。参加跆拳道或瑜珈等课程。还有整理庭院和做家务。参加可以和一群人一起进行的运动，比如骑自行车或划船。
和朋友们去跳舞。晚上一边看电视一边锻炼或做一些伸展运动。
以上是健康生活报道。
我是安娜·马迪奥。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
