(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.
A new report from the United States surgeon general finds that smoking tobacco is even deadlier than had been known. The report says smoking causes birth defects - a leading cause of death among babies. It also links smoking to cancer of the liver and colon, diabetes and other diseases.
FILE - Cigarettes displayed in a store in New York.
The first U.S. surgeon general's report on tobacco and health was released in 1964. It was the first scientific report to link smoking with lung cancer and heart disease. Now, 50 years later, Acting Surgeon General Boris Lushniak has released a new report. His report provides more evidence about smoking tobacco and how it can harm health.
"If we're going to work together to achieve a society free of tobacco-related disease, this must be understood," said Lushniak.
The new report urges increased use of tobacco-control measures. The suggested controls include raising prices of cigarettes, and expanding bans on smoking in enclosed spaces.
The 2014 report calls for research on whether lowing the amount of nicotine in cigarettes could help people stop smoking. It also contains new findings.
"Today we know that smoking is a cause of diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and poor response to treatment of arthritis, erectile dysfunction, and increased risk of tuberculosis, disease and death. We're adding colon, rectal and liver cancer to the long list of cancers caused by smoking," said Lushniak.
Doctor Lushniak also said smoking suppresses the body's natural defenses for fighting disease. He said this increases a smoker's likelihood of getting an infectious disease.
"One of the most disturbing findings is that the disease risks from smoking by women have risen sharply over the last fifty years. Women are now as likely to die from smoking as men, women smokers' risk of lung cancer is now the same as men, and more women die from chronic lung disease than men," said Lushniak.
The new report finds that those who do not smoke are at a higher risk for stroke if left unprotected from tobacco smoke. The latest research also shows damage to unborn children. Babies are more likely to be born with cleft palate if the mother smokes. The chemicals in tobacco smoke can have lasting effects on brain development in a fetus.
The surgeon general would like to see more action to keep young people from developing a smoking habit. He supports higher prices on cigarettes, more anti-smoking media campaigns and more help for people who want to quit smoking.
And that's the Health Report from VOA Learning English. For more health news, go to our website learningenglish.voanews.com. I'm Bob Doughty.
文本来自51voa，译文属可可原创，仅供学习交流使用，未经许可请勿转载
词汇解释
1.colon n. [解剖] 结肠；
In the U.S., there are 60,000 deaths a year from colon cancer.
在美国，每年有６万人死于结肠癌。
2.enclosed adj. 被附上的；与世隔绝的 v. 附上（enclose的过去式和过去分词）
She enclosed a check for $ 50 with the letter.
她随函附上50美元的支票一张。
3.nicotine n. [有化] 尼古丁；[有化] 烟碱
Nicotine produces a feeling of well-being in the smoker.
尼古丁能让吸烟者产生一种愉悦的感觉。
4.arthritis n. [外科] 关节炎
I have a touch of arthritis in the wrist.
我的手腕有轻微关节炎。
内容解析
1.The 2014 report calls for research on whether lowing the amount of nicotine in cigarettes could help people stop smoking.
call for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为…叫喊
It's a situation that calls for a blend of delicacy and force.
这种情况下需要的是刚柔并济。
They angrily called for Robinson's resignation.
他们愤怒地要求罗滨逊辞职。
参考译文
这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。
美国卫生局长的一份最新报告显示，吸烟的危害比之前所知道的更致命。报告称吸烟导致出生缺陷，这是导致婴儿出生的主要原因。同时吸烟还与肺癌和结肠癌、糖尿病等疾病有关。
第一份美国卫生局长有关烟草和健康的报告于1964年发表，是将吸烟与肺癌和心脏病相关联的第一份科学报告。50年后的今年，公共卫生代理署长鲍里斯·鲁希尼亚克发表了新的报告。他的报告提供了更多有关吸烟及其对健康危害的证据。
“如果我们能够协同努力创造一个摆脱与烟草相关疾病的社会，就必须明白这一点。”
新报告敦促增加实施烟草控制措施，提议的措施包括提高香烟价格，将香烟禁令扩展到封闭空间。
2014年的报告呼吁研究降低香烟中的尼古丁是否帮助人们戒烟，同时还包括一些新研究。
“今天我们知道吸烟是糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎、关节炎治疗效果不佳、勃起功能障碍，以及肺结核、疾病和死亡风险增加的一个原因。我们还将结肠癌、直肠癌和肺癌增加到香烟治病名单中。”
鲁希尼亚克医生说，吸烟能抑制身体对抗疾病的自然预防能力，他说这就增加了吸烟者患上感染疾病的可能。
“最让人不安的一个发现就是，过去50年来妇女因吸烟而患病的风险大增，现在妇女和男人因吸烟死亡的可能性相同，妇女吸烟者患上肺癌的风险和男子一样，与男人相比更多的妇女死于慢性疾病。”
这份新报告发现不吸烟者如果不能远离香烟烟雾，更容易患中风。最新研究还表明香烟对胎儿的危害，如果母亲吸烟，婴儿更容易患先天性腭裂。香烟烟雾中的化学物质能对胎儿大脑发育产生长期影响。
美国卫生局长愿意看到采取更多行动来使青年人不染上吸烟的习气，他支持提高香烟价格，发起更多反吸烟的媒体运动，更多地帮助那些想戒烟的人。
这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道，登陆learningenglish.voanews.com获得更多健康新闻，我是鲍勃·多迪。
