(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Conflicting Studies Point to Meat Moderation as Health Diet
A new study on people who eat red meat has found they have higher risks of heart disease and early death. The finding goes against other recent research that suggested removing meat from one's diet has few health benefits.
The two opposing findings can make it "difficult for people to make sense of what can seem to be conflicting messages on food," noted Duane Mellor. He is a dietician at Aston University in England.
Mellor was not directly involved with either study. But he and other researchers say that after examining research on the subject, moderation may be the best way forward.
"In this case, eating moderate amounts of meat, including red meat, is likely to be safe," Mellor said.
He noted the cost of producing meat on the environment as well as the health effects of eating meat.
"However, in the interest of sustainability as well as health, reducing meat intake... to the recommended less than 70 grams per day would be sensible."
A researcher with ties to the meat industry published a report on the subject in September 2019. That report said people should not reduce the amount of red meat they eat. Some experts criticized the findings because they were in conflict with dietary advice from international agencies.
The latest research comes from scientists at Cornell University and Northwestern University in the United States. Their findings appeared on Monday in the publication JAMA Internal Medicine.
The scientists found that eating two servings a week of red meat, processed meat or poultry was linked to a 3% to 7% higher risk of heart disease. They also reported that eating two servings a week of red meat or processed meat — but not poultry or fish — was linked to a 3% higher risk of all causes of death.
Norrina Allen was a co-leader of the latest study. She said the health risk is small but people should try to change their diet.
"It's a small difference, but it's worth trying to reduce red meat and processed meat." She added that eating red meat is also regularly "linked to other health problems like cancer."
Allen is an associate professor of preventive medicine at Northwestern.
The World Cancer Research Fund says red and processed meat may cause cancer. It advises eating only moderate amounts of red meat with an upper limit of 500 grams cooked weight per week — and "little, if any" processed meat.
A group of experts writing in The Lancet in January suggested an "ideal diet" for human health and the planet. They said on average, adults should reduce the amount of meat they eat by 50% and they should eat twice as much nuts, fruits, vegetables and beans.
I'm Jill Robbins.
重点解析
重点讲解:
1. go against 违背;违反;
Changes are being made here which go against my principles and I cannot agree with them.
这里作的改动违背了我的原则,我不能同意 。
2. make sense of 理解;弄懂;
This is to help her to come to terms with her early upbringing and make sense of past experiences.
这旨在帮助她认可自己早先所受的教育,并让她了解自己过去的经历 。
3. in the interest of 为了;为帮助(或取得);
In the interest of safety, smoking is forbidden.
禁止吸烟,以策安全 。
4. on average 平均起来;按平均值;
American shares rose, on average, by 38%.
美国股票价格平均上涨了38% 。
参考译文
相互矛盾的研究指出适量吃肉是健康饮食
一项针对食用红肉人群进行的研究发现,这类人群患心脏病和早死的风险更高 。这项研究与近期公布的其他研究相悖,后者的结论是从饮食中去掉肉类几乎没有健康益处 。
杜安·梅勒指出,这两项对立的研究结果会使人们“很难理解有关食物的似乎相互矛盾的信息 。”梅勒是英国阿斯顿大学的营养师 。
梅勒并未直接参与上述任何研究 。但他和其他研究人员表示,在对这一课题进行审查之后,适度可能是最佳方法 。
梅勒说:“在这种情况下,吃适量的肉,包括红肉在内,可能是安全的方法 。”
他提到了肉类生产的环境成本以及食用肉类的健康影响 。
“然而,为了可持续发展和健康,将肉类摄入量减少到每天不超过70克这一推荐值是明智的 。”
2019年9月,一名与肉类行业有联系的研究员发表了一篇有关这个主题的报告 。报告指出,人们不应该减少红肉的摄入量 。一些专家对这一结论进行了批评,因为这与国际机构的饮食建议相冲突 。
最新的研究来自美国康奈尔大学和西北大学的科学家 。他们的研究结果于周一发表在《美国医学会杂志·内科学》期刊上 。
科学家发现,每周吃两份红肉、加工肉类或家禽,患心血管疾病的风险要高出3%至7% 。他们还报告称,每周吃两份红肉或加工肉类——但不包括家禽或鱼类——与所有死因的风险增加3%有关 。
诺里亚娜·艾伦是这项最新研究的共同负责人 。她说,虽然健康风险很小,但人们应该尝试改变饮食 。
“虽然差别不大,但值得尝试减少红肉和加工肉制品 。”她还表示,食用红肉往往“还会导致其它健康问题,比如癌症 。”
艾伦是西北大学预防医学副教授 。
世界癌症研究基金会表示,红肉和加工肉类可能引发癌症 。该基金会建议,煮熟后的红肉摄入量每周最好不要超过500克,加工肉就算要吃,也得尽量少吃 。
1月份,一个专家小组在《柳叶刀》期刊上撰文,提出了一种有利于人类健康和地球的“理想饮食” 。他们表示,平均来说,成年人应该将肉类摄入量减少50%,同时应该摄入两倍的坚果、水果、蔬菜和豆类 。
吉尔,罗宾斯报道 。
译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!