(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Welcome to As It Is from VOA Learning English! I'm Mario Ritter in Washington.
Today we turn to South Asia and the issue of public health. Vaccination efforts have almost ended the risk of polio infection in most countries. But the World Health Organization says the virus is still a problem in a major Pakistani city.
Disease Polio Still a Problem in Peshawar, Pakistan
The World Health Organization has declared the Pakistani city of Peshawar, the world's "largest reservoir" of endemic poliovirus. And WHO officials fear Pakistanis could face travel restrictions unless steps are taken immediately to stop the disease from spreading.
Christopher Cruise has more.
Researchers studied all the cases of poliomyelitis in Pakistan last year. The researchers found that almost every case could be linked genetically to the poliovirus often reported in Peshawar. They added that all test samples collected from different parts of the city have shown the presence of the highly infectious virus.
A Pakistani health worker gives a polio vaccine to a child in a poor area of Lahore.
Polio mainly affects children under five years of age. The virus is passed through food or water. The virus reproduces in the body, and later invades the nervous system. The disease can sometimes lead to paralysis, with loss of muscle control in part of the body.
The WHO study found that 90 percent of Pakistan's polio cases could be linked to the virus in Peshawar. In addition, 12 of the 13 polio cases in Afghanistan were also linked to the city.
Elias Durry serves as the WHO's emergency coordinator for polio in Pakistan. He says local officials need to take urgent action to strengthen vaccination campaigns. He says the situation in Peshawar not only threatens the gains Pakistan has made against polio, but could also harm international efforts to stop the disease.
"Unless the polio eradication program in Pakistan is able to curtail the transmission in Peshawar, the expansion of, of the viruses to other places will not stop, so it is critical that Peshawar, the way it is behaving now, really be able to find ways of interrupting these transmissions that have been consistent throughout the years."
He also noted an increase in deadly attacks on vaccination campaign workers in and around Peshawar, and in other areas.
Taliban militants often attack polio workers in Pakistan. The militants accuse them of being American spies or part of a plot to keep Muslims from having babies. Most of the attacks have taken place in Peshawar because the city is close to the country's tribal districts. Extremist groups have bases in those areas.
Elias Durry did not reject the possibility of other countries ordering travel and visa restrictions on Pakistan if there is no quick improvement in the situation. In neighboring India, no polio cases have been reported for the past three years. Starting this month, all visitors to India from Pakistan are required to show a record of their polio vaccination.
I'm Christopher Cruise.
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词汇解释
1.endemic adj. 地方性的；风土的；常见的 n. 地方病
Polio was then endemic among children my age.
小儿麻痹症在当时是在我这个年纪的儿童中常见的疾病。
2.poliovirus n. [病毒] 脊髓灰质炎病毒；小儿麻痹病毒
We use to isolate and stamp out transmission of the poliovirus.
我们利用它分离脊髓灰质炎病毒并消灭其传播。
3.eradication n. 消灭，扑灭；根除
The eradication of an established infestation is not easy.
根除昆虫蔓延是不容易的。
内容解析
1.1.He says local officials need to take urgent action to strengthen vaccination
take action to 采取行动
There's no immediate danger, no need to take urgent action.
还不会马上有危险，不需要采取紧急行动。
We had to take action to protect the proprietary technology.、
我们必须采取措施保护专利技术。
参考译文
这里是美国之音慢速英语新闻杂志，我是马里奥·利特在华盛顿。
今天我们谈谈南亚和公众健康问题，疫苗工作使得大多数国家免于脊髓灰质炎感染的风险，但世卫组织称这种病毒在巴基斯坦一个大城市仍是一大问题。
世卫组织宣布巴基斯坦城市白沙瓦是全世界最大的脊髓灰质炎病毒来源地，世卫官员担心除非立即采取措施阻止这种疾病的蔓延，否则巴基斯坦人将面临旅行限制。
克里斯多夫·克鲁斯报道。
研究者研究了去年巴基斯坦的全部脊髓灰质炎病例，发现几乎每个病例都与白沙瓦经常报道的脊髓灰质炎病毒存在基因上的关联。他们称从该市各地区收集的实验样本都表明高度感染病毒的存在。
脊髓灰质炎主要影响五岁以下儿童。这种病毒通过食物和水传播，能在体内繁殖并入侵神经系统。这种疾病有时导致瘫痪，身体部分地方的肌肉失去控制。
世界组织研究发现，巴基斯坦90%的脊髓灰质炎病例都与白沙瓦的病毒有关联。另外，阿富汗每13个病例就有12个与该市有关联。
伊莱亚斯·迪里是世卫组织驻巴基斯坦的脊髓灰质炎紧急协调员，他说当地官员需要采取紧急行动加强疫苗接种活动，他说白沙瓦的情况不仅会威胁巴基斯坦在对抗脊髓灰质炎上的进步，还会影响国际上对抗该疾病的努力。
“除非巴基斯坦的脊髓灰质炎根除计划能遏制住在白沙瓦的传播，这种病毒还会向其他地区传播。所以，关键的是白沙瓦的现行措施能够确实阻断多年来的传播。”
他还指出白沙瓦内外和其他地区都出现针对疫苗接种人员的致命袭击。
塔利班武装分子经常袭击巴基斯坦的脊髓灰质炎接种人员，他们指责这些人员是美国的间谍，或是参与阻止穆斯林怀孕的阴谋。大多数袭击发生在白沙瓦，因为该市临近该国的部落地区。极端组织的总部都在这里。
Elias Durry并不否认，如果不立即改善这一现状，那么其他国家可能对巴基斯坦实施旅行和签证限制。在邻国印度，过去三年没有报道出现脊髓灰质炎病例。从这个月开始，所有从巴基斯坦到印度旅行的游客都要出示脊髓灰质炎免疫证明。
我是克里斯多夫·克鲁斯。
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