听力文本

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Christopher Intagliata.
Last year, Google unveiled Duplex, its artificial-intelligence-powered assistant.
"How can I help you?"
"Hi, I'm calling to book a women's haircut for a client. Um, I'm looking for something on May 3rd."
That's a robot.
"Sure, give me one second."
"Mm-hmm."
"For what time are you looking for around?"
The machine assistant never identified itself as a bot in the demo. And Google got a lot of flak for that. They later clarified that they would only launch the tech with "disclosure built in."
But therein lies a dilemma, because a new study in the journal Nature Machine Intelligence suggests that a bot is most effective when it hides its machine identity.
"That is, if it is allowed to pose as human."
Talal Rahwan is a computational social scientist at New York University's campus in Abu Dhabi. His team recruited nearly 700 online volunteers to play the prisoner's dilemma—a classic game of negotiation, trust and deception—against either humans or bots. Half the time, the human players were told the truth about who they were matched up against. The other half, they were told they were playing a bot when they were actually playing a human or that they were battling a human when, in fact, it was only a bot.

And the scientists found that bots actually did remarkably well in this game of negotiation—if they impersonated humans.
"When the machine is reported to be human, it outperforms humans themselves. It's more persuasive; it's able to induce cooperation and persuade the other opponent to cooperate more than humans themselves."
But whenever the bots' true nature was disclosed, their superiority vanished. And Rahwan says that points to a fundamental conundrum. We can now build really efficient bots—that perform tasks even better than we can—but their efficiency may be linked to their ability to hide their identity—which, you know, feels ethically problematic.
"Those very humans who will be deceived by the machine, they are the ones who ultimately have to make that choice. Otherwise it would violate fundamental values of autonomy, respect and dignity for humans."
It's not realistic to ask people for consent before every bot-human interaction. That would, of course, reveal the bots' true identity. So we, as a society, will have to figure out if making our lives a bit easier is worth interacting with bots that pretend to be human.
"Mm-hmm."
Thanks for listening for Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

参考译文

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列，我是克里斯托弗·因塔格里塔~!^*[m;==^。
去年，谷歌推出了人工智能助手DuplexT&xiG3*xhBT。
“有什么需要我帮忙的？”
“你好，我打电话来为一名女客户预约理发!Llp]yl+f4Z3-。嗯，我想订5月3日那天1)|^,QRv)e。”
这是机器人在说话XLPel_=&dkXMGR。
“好的，请稍等Kw#Ex%tuPs2nY[BcN3。”
“嗯，嗯!oTWa&;(yDFf4].Hp#。”
“您想预约几点理发？”
在演示中，机器助手从头至尾都未表明自已是机器人TzkUW,Ldaeg]=EKSPxP。谷歌因此饱受指责&0.2d]2Vg^M[k&L。之后，他们澄清说，在安装“内置披露”后才会发布这项技术^ca=qr&m^x-A%K-QU+S*。
但这里存在一个两难局面，因为《自然机器智能》期刊上的一项新研究表明，当机器人隐藏其机器身份时，其效率最高UI2Gb]~,DY#P(Y|gLi。
“也就是说，它被允许模仿人类的时候,dC#YxAyr0。”
纽约大学阿布扎比分校的计算社会科学家泰拉尔·拉万说到c#%dp=67+J%W。他的团队招募了近700名网络志愿者，与人类或机器人玩“囚徒困境”，这是涉及谈判、信任和欺骗的经典博弈TBb[3u_2Iv%m。一半时间里，志愿者被告知对手的真实信息lVau;me!AEWGLQ6vtk。另一半时间里，对阵角色是真人时，志愿者会被告知对方是机器人；或者当他们被告知与真人对弈时，其实对面只是个机器人^w|*~()ojU。
科学家发现，如果机器人模仿人类，那它们在这场谈判博弈中的表现会非常出色3=ncpkyE2),YvJvB。
“当机器被谎报为人类时，它的表现要优于人类YV2J8;x(^md5|Z7_3jim。机器人比人类本身更具说服力；它能够引导合作，说服对手与自已合作WoHU4_jyued6fWdca。”
但一旦机器人的真实身份暴露，那其优越性就会消失,xf3u-0m|s。拉万说这指向了一个根本难题j1gHH[KAa.%oc[E。我们现在可以制造真正高效的机器人，执行任务能力甚至超越人类，但机器人的高效可能与它们隐藏身份的能力相关，这可能存在伦理问题4R.6PxlR!f!4c0Iv0Y+。
“那些会被机器人欺骗的人，正是最终不得不做出选择的人PE8ZD_4Q@IF^fF]%_。否则，就会违反人类自主、尊重和尊严的基本价值BUsjXEsm[C1。”
在机器人与人类每次互动前征求人类的同意，这并不现实aPohv@0zy_;+XczP|r。当然，这会暴露机器人的真实身份y30RZO13ED3oNSM^5v。因此，我们作为群体必须要弄清楚：为了让我们的生活更轻松一点，与假装人类的机器人互动是否值得D#*AXKMcgJE,;G9PmWPo。
“嗯，嗯9rFV19H5DCHm。”
谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学;1[Kc70R68ddW。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔)rY7A7Mc7UTaeb。

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重点讲解

重点讲解：
1. match up against 使与…相竞争，使与…相较量；
Kentucky was kind of a tough team to match up against.
肯塔基是一支很难对付的球队BBQBrgNyqlDxzQ0)G。
2. persuade sb. to do sth. 劝说；说服；
We're trying to persuade manufacturers to sell them here.
我们正在努力劝说制造商在这里销售ON]Uf4![W]5(KF。
3. point to 显示；表明；
Earlier reports pointed to pupils working harder, more continuously, and with enthusiasm.
早些时候的报告显示学生学习更为刻苦、持久，并且怀有学习热情g;RxL7X&Kblhk。
4. interact with (人与计算机或计算机与其他机器之间)交互作用，互动；
Millions of people want new, simplified ways of interacting with a computer.
数以百万计的人们想要新的简化方式实现人机交互XVZrNzHQgyt。