CATTI二级口译精讲第44讲讲义

篇章练习（二）

篇章练习——国际关系

当前，国际形势继续发生着深刻的变化。和平与发展仍是当今时代的主题，是各国人民的共同期盼。但我们生活的世界还不安宁1，影响和平与发展的不确定因素依然存在，局部冲突威胁着全球和地区的安全稳定，恐怖主义、跨国犯罪等非传统安全问题相当突出。//

一年来，世界经济虽然有所复苏2，但受周期性和结构性问题的影响，复苏步伐比较缓慢。值得欣慰的是3，我们所在的亚太地区经济发展保持了良好势头，前景看好。//

我们在回顾过去的同时，更应展望未来，共同为促进亚太地区和全球经济的发展，为加强成员间的合作提出新思路，探索新途径。我愿就此提出以下三点主张。//

第一，要加强相互信任，保持亚太地区稳定。稳定是发展的前提。几十年来亚太地区之所以能保持快速发展的势头，就是因为本地区基本保持了和平稳定的环境。我们要特别珍惜亚太地区来之不易的和平稳定局面。//

亚太地区拥有丰富的多样性，各国有着不同的发展历史、文化传统、政治制度和经济模式，这是亚太地区富有发展活力的重要原因4。我们要坚持相互尊重、增加互信、求同存异，以对话和协商的方式解决存在的问题，共同维护地区的和平稳定。//

一段时间以来，亚太地区恐怖活动时有发生，给一些国家的经济社会发展带来不利影响。我们应加强合作、标本兼治，坚决反对恐怖主义，为共同发展繁荣创造更有利的环境5。//

第二，要采取有效措施，促进经济社会协调发展。只有重视协调发展，才能保持发展的持久性。亚太地区各国应结合自身特点，采取适当的宏观政策措施，促进本地区的经济发展，促进全球经济的复苏6。//

推动科技进步和创新，对实现经济的持续发展至关重要。为推动各成员在这一领域开展合作，中国提出科技创新倡议，希望就促进亚太地区科技创新制定指导原则。作为启动项目，我们将于明年2月在北京举办有关科技中介机构发展问题的高级研讨会，欢迎各成员届时派代表参加。//

在推动经济发展的同时，我们应积极推动经济社会协调发展、城乡协调发展、人与自然和谐发展，使发展具有更加坚实的基础。我们建议亚太经合组织加强在社会发展领域的工作，特别是要在发展公共卫生、促进就业和加强社会保障等方面开展交流。为推动这方面的合作，中国将于明年主办有关劳动和社会保障方面的活动。//

第三，要推动相互开放市场，健全多边贸易体制。目前，全球多边贸易体制的发展面临新的挑战，主要是贸易保护主义有所抬头，新的贸易壁垒不断出现，贸易磨擦时有发生7。这给各国特别是发展中国家的发展带来新的困难，也不利于全球经济的复苏和增长。//

针对这一情况，亚太经合组织各成员在加紧推进茂物目标的同时，应共同反对贸易保护主义，消除贸易壁垒，推动通过对话和协商解决彼此在贸易上的分歧。公平、开放的多边贸易体制有利于促进地区和全球贸易的稳定增长，有利于促进全球经济的健康发展，符合各方利益。//

上个月举行的世贸组织第五届部长级会议未取得预期的进展，主要原因是谈判没有平衡反映各方利益，特别是发展中国家的关切。希望各方能拿出政治意愿，采取灵活务实的态度，推动新一轮谈判早日完成。这符合大家的共同利益。//

篇章译文：

The international situation has been undergoing profound changes. Peace and development remain the dominant themes of our times and the popular aspirations of people of all lands. But the world we live in is anything but tranquil. Uncertainties that impede peace and development still exist. Local conflicts continue to pose threats to the security and stability of regions and the world as a whole. Non-traditional security concerns such as terrorism and trans-boundary crimes are quite pronounced.

Over the past year, the global economy has rebounded somewhat. But burdened by cyclical and structural factors, the recovery is rather slow-paced. It is gratifying to know that our Asia-Pacific region has maintained a sound momentum of economic growth with a positive prospect of further expansion.

Apart from reviewing the past, we should, more importantly, look to the future and come up with new ideas and new initiatives for jointly promoting economic development in the Asia-Pacific region and the whole world and for strengthening cooperation among APEC members. In this connection, I would like to offer three propositions.

First, we should enhance mutual trust and endeavor to make the Asia-Pacific region stable. Stability is a prerequisite for development. The reason why this region has kept the high growth momentum for decades is because it has basically maintained an environment of peace and stability. We should cherish particularly this peaceful and stable situation that has not come by easily.

The Asia-Pacific is a region of rich diversity. Countries are different in history, cultural tradition, political system and economic model, which gives the region its very vigor and vitality. We should increase mutual trust on the basis of mutual respect, seek common ground while putting aside differences, and work to resolve whatever problems there might be through dialogue and consultation in a joint effort to maintain peace and stability in the region.

For some time, terrorist attacks have gone on unabated in the Asia-Pacific region, undermining the economic and social development of a number of countries. We should respond to that with closer cooperation and stronger measures to address both the symptoms and root causes of the problem, stand rock firm against terrorism and create a more favorable environment for common development and common prosperity.

Second, we should take effective measures to strike a balance between economic and social development. Only with proper coordination can development be long-lasting. Countries in this region should promote regional growth as well as global economic recovery by opting for appropriate macro-economic policies and measures suited to their own conditions.

Scientific progress and technological innovation are of vital importance to sustained economic development. To facilitate APEC cooperation in this field, China has proposed the Initiative of Innovative APEC in the hope that certain guiding principles could be formulated for the region's scientific and technological innovation. As a kick-off project, we plan to hold a high-level workshop in February 2004 in Beijing to discuss the issue of science and technology intermediary. All members are welcome to send their representatives when the workshop meets.

While pushing for economic growth, we should work hard to promote a coordinated development of the economy and society, and of cities and rural areas, and a harmonious coexistence between man and nature so as to rest development on a more solid basis. We propose that APEC reinforce its operations in the field of social development, and in particular, in promoting APEC exchanges in public health, job creation and social security. To promote such cooperation, China plans to sponsor some functions next year on labor and social security.

Third, we should step up mutual opening of markets and improve the multilateral trading system. The world's multilateral trading system is currently facing new challenges mainly in the form of rising protectionism, new trade barriers and frequent trade frictions. This has worsened the difficulties for countries, the developing countries in particular, in their development and hampers global economic recovery and growth.

Given such a situation, APEC members should renew their commitment to the Bogor Goals, and at the same time, work together to reject trade protectionism, remove trade barriers and resolve whatever trade disputes they have through dialogues and consultations. A fair and open multilateral trading system serves steady growth of trade at both regional and international levels, contributes to sound economic expansion around the world and conforms to the interests of all parties.

The 5th WTO Ministerial Conference last month failed to achieve the anticipated progress. The main reason was that the negotiations were not balanced enough to reflect the interests of all parties, particularly the concerns of the developing countries. I hope all parties will demonstrate their political will, take a flexible and pragmatic approach and move ahead the new round of talks to an early fruition. This, in my view, serves the common interests of all.

口译讲评 Comments on Interpretation
1.“但我们生活的世界还不安宁。”该句的参考译文是： ” But the world we live in is anything but tranquil.”。 译文并没有以否定句的形式来表达原文的否定含义，而是采用了 “anything but” 这一词组，以肯定句的形式更加强烈地表达了否定的意思。英汉两种语言在正说和反说方面有各自的习惯，所以在两种语言互译时译员时常会采用转换法处理。

2.“世界经济虽然有所复苏”这是模糊表达的一种，即通过某些程度不确定的副词降低话语的绝对性和确定性以达到客观、委婉的表达效果。在口译这类模糊信息时应保持其模糊的特点。所以本句译为：” the global economy has rebounded somewhat”

3.“值得（我们）欣慰／高兴／欣喜／庆贺／的是⋯⋯”这是汉语中比较常见的一种表达方法，通常省略逻辑主语“我们”。这类表达译到英文后通常采用的句型是：“ It is gratifying／delightful／pleasing／wonderful／great (for us ) to know／see⋯”。或者用：“we／people are gratified／delighted／pleased／happy／glad to know／see⋯”。

4.“各国有着不同的发展历史、文化传统、政治制度和经济模式，这是亚太地区富有发展活力的重要原因。”译为：“Countries are different in history, cultural tradition, political system and economic model, which gives the region its very vigor and vitality.” 译文中并未出现“是⋯原因”的字眼儿，但却十分清楚地表达了因果的含义。有时为了避免重复或是出于语言方面的考虑， “是....的原因”英译时可以用比较含蓄的方式进行处理，比如： “A generates/gives rise to/ gives birth to/lead to/ result in B”， “As a result/consequently/finally/⋯”。

5.“我们应加强合作、标本兼治，坚决反对恐怖主义，为共同发展繁荣创造更有利的环境。”汉语的特点是一句中常并列出现几个地位平等的谓语动词。而英语中只能有一个正式的谓语动词。所以翻译时译员需将汉语并列结构分出主次，确定逻辑关系，然后再将整个意思译成英文。在本句中，逻辑层次是这样划分的：“（对于以上问题）我们应（通过）加强合作（的方式）标本兼治，//(并列)坚决反对恐怖主义，//（并列）为共同发展繁荣创造更有利的环境。”译文为：“We should respond to that with closer cooperation and stronger measures to address both the symptoms and root causes of the problem, stand rock firm against terrorism and create a more favorable environment for common development and common prosperity.”

6.“亚太地区各国应结合自身特点，采取适当的宏观政策措施，促进本地区的经济发展，促进全球经济的复苏。”这又是一个典型的多个主谓结构并列的句子。其逻辑结构应该是：“亚太地区各国应（通过）结合自身特点，采取适当的宏观政策措施的(方式)，（以达到）促进本地区的经济发展，促进全球经济的复苏（的目的）。”所以本句建议译成：“Countries in this region should promote regional growth as well as global economic recovery by opting for appropriate macro-economic policies and measures suited to their own conditions.”

7.“目前，全球多边贸易体制的发展面临新的挑战，主要是贸易保护主义有所抬头，新的贸易壁垒不断出现，贸易磨擦时有发生。”译文为：“The world's multilateral trading system is currently facing new challenges mainly in the form of rising protectionism, new trade barriers and frequent trade frictions.”本句后半部分的三个主谓结构译成了英文中的三个名词短语。这样，一来符合英语的表达习惯，二来用名词短语来强调“新的挑战”已然存在。