CATTI二级口译精讲第35讲讲义

数字练习

American side says that's why the United States will stay the course in Iraq, and they are in good company. Today there are 24,500 soldiers from 34 countries standing alongside American soldiers. There are scores of nations involved in reconstruction efforts, which have committed billions in donations and in-kind services. The United Nations is also involved. Since May 2003, the U.N. Security Council has passed four Resolutions, which have established a comprehensive framework for international participation and progress. These Resolutions have also paved the way for more extensive UN involvement. //

The Coalition Provisional Authority has made great progress. Working with a mix of US government agencies, private contractors, and Iraqis, they have retrofitted decrepit power and sewage treatment plants, which already surpass prewar output and reliability. They have renovated and reopened the port of Umm Qasr and the Baghdad International Airport, repaired oil facilities and expanded the communications infrastructure. They have vaccinated some 3 million toddlers, distributed almost 9 million schoolbooks,and created jobs for nearly a half-million Iraqis. That is especially important in a country where unemployment and underemployment is, by some estimates, nearly 50 percent. // Political and economic recovery is without question essential for Iraq, but it will be very difficult to lock in these gains without an improvement in the security situation. For that reason, the US and international military forces will remain in the country. The Department of Defense will also continue to train an Iraqi Military Force, with an ambitious goal of a 40,000 man force by the end of the year. At the same time, the State Department is recruiting and training separate law enforcement forces. The CPA is also dealing with millions of landmines and the conversion of unconventional weapons programs and dual use facilities to peaceful, civilian missions.

篇章练习（一）

经过近30年的努力，中国成功地探索了一条具有本国特色的综合治理人口问题的道路1，逐步形成了适应市场经济要求的人口调控体系和计划生育工作管理体制，人口与发展取得了举世瞩目的成就，公民的生存权、发展权和经济、社会、文化权利显著改善。//

──人口过快增长得到有效控制。人口出生率、自然增长率分别由1970年的33.43‰和25.83‰下降到1999年的15.23‰和8.77‰，总和生育率下降到更替水平以下，进入世界低生育水平国家行列。//

中国在经济不发达的情况下，用较短的时间实现了人口再生产类型从高出生、低死亡、高增长到低出生、低死亡、低增长的历史性转变，走完了一些发达国家数十年乃至上百年才走完的路。2//

──教育、卫生等各项社会事业成绩显著。到2000年底，全国基本实现普及九年义务教育和基本扫除青壮年文盲的目标。平均每万人中大学生人数由1978年的8.9人增加到1999年的32.8人。//

基本实现人人享有初级卫生保健服务。孕产妇死亡率从1990年的94.7／10万下降到1998年的56.2／10万，住院分娩率1999年达到66.8%以上。1999年，人口平均预期寿命提高到71岁，达到中等发达国家水平。//

After nearly 30 years of efforts, China has successfully found its own way to have an integrated approach to the population issue with its own national characteristics. A system of regulating and adjusting the population growth with a proper family planning program management has gradually come into being. This is a system in keeping with market economy. China's population and development program has achieved universally acknowledged success. The citizens' rights to subsistence and development and their rights in the socio-economic and cultural fields have been notably improved. //

The excessive population growth has been brought under effective control. The birth rate and natural growth rate decreased from 33.43‰ and 25.83‰ in 1970 to 15.23‰ and 8.77‰ in 1999 respectively. The total fertility rate of Chinese women went below the replacement level, making China one of the countries with a low fertility level in the world. //

When economically still underdeveloped, China has accomplished a historic transition in population reproduction pattern from one featuring high birth rate, low death rate and high growth rate to one featuring low birth rate, low death rate and low growth rate in a relatively short period of time, a change that took decades or even up to a hundred years for developed countries to realize in the past.

Great achievements have been made in various social undertakings such as education and public health. By the end of 2000, a nine-year compulsory education has been made universal by and large, and illiteracy among young and middle-aged people has been basically eliminated. On the average, the number of college students for every 10,000 people increased from 8.9 in 1978 to 32.8 in 1999. //

On the whole everybody has access to primary health care service. The maternal mortality rate has plummeted from 94.7 per 100,000 in 1990 to 56.2 per 100,000 in 1998. The hospitalized delivery rate reached over 66.8% in 1999. The average life expectancy increased to 71 years, the same as in medium-level developed countries. //