CATTI二级口译精讲第37讲讲义

数字练习

经济全球化发展到今天，中美经贸互补、互惠的特点更加明显。中美你中有我，我中有你，谁也离不开谁已成为现实。中国是美国第四大贸易伙伴，今年底还可能上升到第三位。去年中美贸易额达到971.8亿美元；今年上半年达564亿美元，同比增长34.4%，其中美对华出口增幅达36.1%。//

随着市场经济的发展完善，中国市场的巨大磁力正一步步显现出来。预计未来3年，单货物进口一项就将达1万亿美元；到2020年，将成为全球第二大市场。新世纪中美互为最大经贸合作伙伴之一的前景令人振奋。//

关于贸易逆差，一是要历史地看待。自1972年起，美国对华贸易21年都是顺差。中国从93年起才出现顺差。二是中国出口的多是美国早已不生产的劳动密集型产品，质优价廉，不仅使美广大消费者受益， 也有利于美产业结构调整升级。三是中国对美贸易一半以上由外资企业完成，其中主要是美国公司。四是中国 当然愿意增加从美进口，但是需要美方的合作，美国应放宽对华出口限制。//

生存权和发展权 the rights to subsistence and development
天赋人权 the inalienable rights of man
言论和结社自由 the freedom of speech and association
《经济、社会及文化权利国际公约》the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
《儿童权利公约》Convention on the Rights of the Child
打着“维护人权”的幌子 under the pretext of “protecting human rights”
超越宪法和法律的特权 privilege above the Constitution and the law
侵犯人权 to abuse/infringe upon/violate human rights
西方的“人权卫士 ”western “human rights defenders”
以“人权法官”自居 to act as the self-claimed human rights judge “人权无国界”“Human rights have no national boundary”
公民和政治权 civil and political rights
非法搜身 the unlawful search of citizens
中国伊斯兰/佛/道教协会 the Islamic/Buddhist/Taoist Association of China
中国基督教协会 the Christian Council of China
“三自”原则 the “Three-Self” principle, i.e. self-administration, self-support and self-propagation
基督教青年会 Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA)
基督教女青年会 Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA)
喇嘛教 Lamaism
天主教 Catholicism
东正教 Orthodox Eastern Church
新教 Protestantism
宗派主义 sectarianism
宗教派别 religious sect
宗教仪式 religious rites/rituals
神学 theology
有神论 theism
无神论 atheism
泛神论 pantheism
神权统治 theocracy/thearchy
教义 doctrine
梵蒂冈 the Vatican
释迦牟尼 Sakyamuni
如来 Tathagata
佛 Buddha
安拉；真主 Allah
圣父、圣子、圣灵 the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit
撒旦 Satan
洗礼 baptism
圣餐 Holy Communion
做弥撒 to attend Mass
念经 to recite/chant scriptures
念佛 to pray to Buddha
烧香 to burn joss-stick(s)/incense
神学院 seminary
喇嘛庙 lamasery
清真寺 mosque
修道院 monastery
大教堂 cathedral
神殿 shrine
圣坛 altar
佛经 Buddhist scriptures
可兰经 the Koran
拜物教 fetishism
大/小乘佛教 the Greater/Lesser Vehicle
活佛 Living Buddha
阿訇 ahung, imam
住持和尚 Abbot Monk
教皇 Pope/the Holy Father
红衣主教 cardinal
大主教 archbishop
坚持独立自主自办的原则，巩固和发展党同宗教界的爱国统一战线 to adhere to the policy of religious independence, and consolidate and develop the patriotic united front between the Party and the religious community
公民有信仰宗教和不信仰宗教、宣传无神论的自由 Citizens enjoy the freedom to believe in or not believe in religion and the freedom to propagate atheism.
宗教团体和宗教事物不受外国势力的支配 Religious bodies and religious affairs are not subject to any foreign domination.
摆脱邪教的精神桎梏to get rid of the spiritual shackles from the cult

篇章练习（一）

The United States has become “the most religiously diverse nation in the world,” according to Harvard’s Diana Eck in her 2001 book, The New Religious America. Today, Eck writes, the United States has at least 1,200 mosques and more Muslims than Episcopalians, with Islamic faithful and worship houses increasing while several mainstream Protestant denominations are in mild decline. //

Depending on whose figures you use, Muslims have passed or are just about to pass Jews as a share of the American population1. Meanwhile, Eck argues that Los Angeles has become “the most complex Buddhist city in the world” and America has become “the most religiously diverse nation in the world”. The Founders dreamed that America would be a land of spiritual freedom. Americans are now exercising that freedom to a degree perhaps unprecedented in history. The Founders would be proud, if not bewildered, to hear that it is now respectable to be a witch. //

哈佛大学的戴安娜·埃克于2001年出版了《虔诚的新美国》一书，她在书中写到，美国已成为“世界上宗教信仰最多元化的国家。”她说，随着美国虔诚的穆斯林和他们朝拜场所的增加，当今美国至少有1200座清真寺，穆斯林比圣公会教徒还多，而几个新教主流教派的信徒人数却有轻微下降。//

这要看你参照的是那家的数据了，美国人口中穆斯林的数量即将或已经超过了犹太人。埃克还说洛杉矶已成为“世界上最复杂的佛教城市”，美国已经成为“世界上宗教最多元化的国家”。美国的开国元勋们梦想美国将成为一块宗教自由的国土。当前美国人的宗教信仰自由或许已经达到了前所未有的程度。开国元勋们如果知道如今做巫师也受人尊敬，他们也许会感到骄傲，但也许会大惑不解。