乔布斯如何改变世界

Even the famously immodest Jobs

就连以狂妄著称的乔布斯

can't predict how transformative his new piece of techno wizardry will be.

也没有预料到这款新产品会带来如此神奇的变革

I think the iPhone may really change the whole phone industry.

我觉得iPhone可能会改变整个手机产业

The iPhone, in some sense, also changed the world.

从某种意义上说 iPhone也改变了世界

It changed everything.

它改变了一切

This is about blogging protests in realtime.

我们可以实时转播抗议游行

This is about getting news about your grandmother in realtime.

随时随地知道你的祖母在做什么

It's about seeing people you haven't seen in years through a device that you're holding on to.

通过手上的这个小小的设备与多年未见的朋友重聚首

And that's what's powerful about having something so connected in such a really meaningful way at all times.

最重要的是 无论何时何地我们都能与人紧密相连

Jobs micromanages every step of the iPhone's development,

乔布斯事无巨细 全程参与iPhone开发

rejecting several prototypes.

他否掉了不少设计原型

The thing you have to understand about Jobs is that

你需要了解乔布斯这个人

he was the world's greatest control freak.

他是这个世界上最极端的控制狂

He pushes his team to the edge and beyond.

他对自己的团队要求很高 近乎苛刻

Engineers come in and show him things and he'll say, "No. We can't do that."

工程师把草稿拿给他看 他会说 "不 我们不能这么做"

"It doesn't work." They'd say,

"这行不通" 他们会说

"Well, we haveing a little problems making this do this and--"

"我们还有点技术难题没攻克"

"Don't come back until it works right."

"做好了再来见我"

The iPhone is infused with simplicity and beauty.

iPhone奉行简洁美观的原则

The hallmarks of Jobs' design philosophy.

这是乔布斯设计理念的独到之处

It's the perfect marriage of form and function.

形式与功能完美结合

It's beautiful, it's gorgeous,

它看起来很漂亮 迷人

and every time I look at it,

每次我看到它

every time I feel it, I touch it,

拿在手里 触摸它的时候

it has enormous aesthetic reward.

都感觉它是美妙绝伦的艺术品

And then it is enormously practical.

而且它非常实用

My kids can grab my iPhone and immediately know how to use it

我孩子拿起iPhone 马上就知道怎么用

and my kids are 3 and 2.

他们只有两三岁而已

Perhaps the iPhone's biggest draw?

iPhone最引人注目的地方

The touch screen.

是它的触摸屏

It's the culmination of Jobs' life-long believe that the hand

它完美地诠释了乔布斯的终身理念

is the most important human interface with the computer.

即 手是最重要的人机互动工具

We're going to use the best pointing device in the world.

我们将使用世界上最先进的指针设备

We're going to use a pointing device that we're all born with

这种设备我们与生俱来

and we've got ten of them. We're gonna use our fingers.

每个人都有十个 那就是我们的手指

It works like magic.

就像魔法一样

《乔布斯传》第三章:出离 顿悟 修行17

Jobs started spending much of his time with Kottke and his girlfriend, Elizabeth Holmes, even after he insulted her at their first meeting by grilling her about how much money it would take to get her to have sex with another man. They hitchhiked to the coast together, engaged in the typical dorm raps about the meaning of life, attended the love festivals at the local Hare Krishna temple, and went to the Zen center for free vegetarian meals. “It was a lot of fun,” said Kottke, “but also philosophical, and we took Zen very seriously.”

乔布斯开始经常和科特基及他的女友伊丽莎白·霍姆斯（ElizabethHolmes）混在一起，尽管第一次见面时他就羞辱了伊丽莎白，他不停追问要多少钱才能让她跟另一个男人上床。他们会一起搭便车去海边玩，参加宿舍里关于生命意义的说唱，去当地的哈雷·克里希纳寺庙参加爱心活动（lovefestivals），还会去禅宗中心吃免费的素食。“这些很有意思，”科特基说，“也极具哲学层面的意义，对于禅宗我们是非常严肃的。”

Jobs began sharing with Kottke other books, including Zen Mind, Beginner’s Mind by Shunryu Suzuki, Autobiography of a Yogi by Paramahansa Yogananda, and Cutting Through Spiritual Materialism by Ch?gyam Trungpa. They created a meditation room in the attic crawl space above Elizabeth Holmes’s room and fixed it up with Indian prints, a dhurrie rug, candles, incense, and meditation cushions. “There was a hatch in the ceiling leading to an attic which had a huge amount of space,” Jobs said. “We took psychedelic drugs there sometimes, but mainly we just meditated.”

乔布斯开始去图书馆，并跟科特基分享其他关于禅宗的书，包括铃木俊隆（ShunryuSuzuki）的《禅者的初心》（ZenMind,Beginner-sMind）,帕拉宏撒·尤迦南达（ParamahansaYogananda）的《一个瑜伽行者的自传》（AutobiographyofaYogi），理查德·莫里斯·比克（RichardMauriceBucke）的《宇宙的意识》（CosmicConsciousness）,以及丘扬创巴（ChGgyamTrungpa）的《突破精神唯物主义》（CuttingThroughSpiritualMaterialism）。他们在霍姆斯房间屋顶阁楼的狭小空间里开辟了一间冥想室，在里面布置了印度花布、一块手纺纱棉毯、蜡烛、熏香还有冥想坐垫。“天花板上有一扇小门，是通向阁楼的，那里空间很大，”他说，“我们有时候在那里服用迷幻药，但大多数时候我们只是在里面冥想而已。”

Jobs’s engagement with Eastern spirituality, and especially Zen Buddhism, was not just some passing fancy or youthful dabbling. He embraced it with his typical intensity, and it became deeply ingrained in his personality. “Steve is very much Zen,” said Kottke. “It was a deep influence. You see it in his whole approach of stark, minimalist aesthetics, intense focus.” Jobs also became deeply influenced by the emphasis that Buddhism places on intuition. “I began to realize that an intuitive understanding and consciousness was more significant than abstract thinking and intellectual logical analysis,” he later said. His intensity, however, made it difficult for him to achieve inner peace; his Zen awareness was not accompanied by an excess of calm, peace of mind, or interpersonal mellowness.

乔布斯对东方精神，尤其是佛教禅宗的信奉，并不是心血来潮或年轻人的一时冲动。他投入了他特有的那种激情，这些东西也在他的性格中根深蒂固。“史蒂夫是个十足的禅宗信徒，”科特基说，“禅宗对他的影响非常深。这一点你可以从他极简主义的美学观点和执著的个性上看出来。”佛教对直觉的强调也深深影响了乔布斯。“我开始意识到，基于直觉的理解和意识，比抽象思维和逻辑分析更为重要。”他后来说。然而，他的激情让他很难实现真正的涅槃；内在的平静、内心的平和或者说为人的圆润这些禅修者的特质，并未在他身上有所显现。

He and Kottke enjoyed playing a nineteenth-century German variant of chess called Kriegspiel, in which the players sit back-to-back; each has his own board and pieces and cannot see those of his opponent. A moderator informs them if a move they want to make is legal or illegal, and they have to try to figure out where their opponent’s pieces are. “The wildest game I played with them was during a lashing rainstorm sitting by the fireside,” recalled Holmes, who served as moderator. “They were tripping on acid. They were moving so fast I could barely keep up with them.”

他和科特基还喜欢玩一种源于19世纪德国的变种象棋——克里斯皮尔棋（Kriegspiel）,游戏中两名玩家背靠背坐着，每个人都有自己的棋盘和棋子，但无法看到对手的情况。旁边会有一名仲裁员告知他们走的每一步棋是否违反规则，他们则必须想办法弄清楚对手的棋子分布情况。“最疯狂的一盘棋，是有一次下暴雨的时候，他们俩坐在壁炉旁，”当时作为仲裁员的霍姆斯回忆说，“他们两个服了迷幻药后开始下棋，下得非常快，我几乎都跟不上他们。”

Another book that deeply influenced Jobs during his freshman year was Diet for a Small Planet by Frances Moore Lappé, which extolled the personal and planetary benefits of vegetarianism. “That’s when I swore off meat pretty much for good,” he recalled. But the book also reinforced his tendency to embrace extreme diets, which included purges, fasts, or eating only one or two foods, such as carrots or apples, for weeks on end.

还有一本书在乔布斯大一那年深深影响了他——也许影晌得有点儿过分——就是《一座小行星的新饮食方式》（DietforaSmallPlaneth）作者是弗朗西丝·摩尔·拉佩（FrancesMooreLappé），书中颂扬了素食主义对个人以及对我们整个星球的益处。“我就是那时候发誓不再吃肉的，为了自己也为了地球。”乔布斯回忆道。但这本书也进一步将他推向了极端的饮食习惯，包括催吐、禁食，或者连续几个星期都只吃固定的一两样食物，比如胡萝卜或苹果。

Jobs and Kottke became serious vegetarians during their freshman year. “Steve got into it even more than I did,” said Kottke. “He was living off Roman Meal cereal.” They would go shopping at a farmers’ co-op, where Jobs would buy a box of cereal, which would last a week, and other bulk health food. “He would buy flats of dates and almonds and lots of carrots, and he got a Champion juicer and we’d make carrot juice and carrot salads. There is a story about Steve turning orange from eating so many carrots, and there is some truth to that.” Friends remember him having, at times, a sunset-like orange hue.

乔布斯和科特基在大一这年成为了严格的素食主义者。“史蒂夫比我还深陷其中，”科特基说，“他完全靠吃麦片生存。”他们会去一个农民合作社买东西，乔布斯会买一盒麦片，吃上一个星期，再买点儿散装的健康食品。“他会买一些椰枣和杏仁，还有许多胡萝卜，他有一台冠军牌榨汁机，我们会做胡萝卜汁和胡萝卜沙拉。曾经有个故事说史蒂夫吃了太多的胡萝卜，皮肤都变成橘黄色了，这个故事可不完全是瞎编的。”朋友们都记得，史蒂夫的皮肤有时候会呈现出一种日落时分太阳般的橘黄色。

Jobs’s dietary habits became even more obsessive when he read Mucusless Diet Healing System by Arnold Ehret, an early twentieth-century German-born nutrition fanatic. He believed in eating nothing but fruits and starchless vegetables, which he said prevented the body from forming harmful mucus, and he advocated cleansing the body regularly through prolonged fasts. That meant the end of even Roman Meal cereal—or any bread, grains, or milk. Jobs began warning friends of the mucus dangers lurking in their bagels. “I got into it in my typical nutso way,” he said. At one point he and Kottke went for an entire week eating only apples, and then Jobs began to try even purer fasts. He started with two-day fasts, and eventually tried to stretch them to a week or more, breaking them carefully with large amounts of water and leafy vegetables. “After a week you start to feel fantastic,” he said. “You get a ton of vitality from not having to digest all this food. I was in great shape. I felt I could get up and walk to San Francisco anytime I wanted.”

乔布斯在读过20世纪初出生在德国的营养学狂热者阿诺德·埃雷特（ArnoldEhret）所著的《非黏液饮食治疗学》（MucuslessDietHealingSystem）一书后，饮食习惯变得更加怪异。埃雷特坚信饮食中只应该包括水果和不含淀粉的蔬菜，这样的话就可以防止身体产生有害的黏液；他还提倡定期通过长时间的绝食来清理身体。这就意味着，即使是麦片也不能再吃了一一还有所有的米饭、面包、谷类以及牛奶。乔布斯开始提醒朋友们，他们的百吉饼中也隐藏着黏液的危险。“我以我惯有的方式疯狂陷入其中。”他说。有一次，他和科特基整个星期都只吃苹果，之后乔布斯开始尝试更加纯粹的绝食。一开始先是两天不吃东西，最终发展到一周甚至更长的时间，然后通过摄入大量的水和多叶蔬菜来结束绝食。“一周过后，你就会有很美妙的感觉了，”他说，“不用消化食物,可以让你获得很多活力。我当时状态很好，我觉得自己随时可以走路去旧金山。”（埃雷特56岁那年因在步行时摔倒撞击到头部而丧生。）

Vegetarianism and Zen Buddhism, meditation and spirituality, acid and rock—Jobs rolled together, in an amped-up way, the multiple impulses that were hallmarks of the enlightenment-seeking campus subculture of the era. And even though he barely indulged it at Reed, there was still an undercurrent of electronic geekiness in his soul that would someday combine surprisingly well with the rest of the mix.

素食主义与佛教禅宗，冥想与灵性，迷幻药与摇滚乐——那个时代寻求自我启迪的校园文化中，这几样标志性的行为，被乔布斯以一种近乎疯狂的方式集于一身。尽管如此，他骨子里电子极客的唷流仍在涌动，并在将来的某一天与他身上的其他特质完美地结合。