新编临床医学英语教材(MP3+中英字幕) 第25期:伦理道德
日期:2015-12-11 17:42

(单词翻译:单击)

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中英文本

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The ethics of surgical practice are complex and can be approached from a variety of theoretical frameworks.

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外科医生的行为道德准则较为复杂,并含有多种理论框架R&U1O[5eNv55GV)C4~l

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The most commonly applied framework for the evaluation of ethical dilemmas for individual patient decisions in medicine, known as "the principles approach" involves four principles:autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice, as promulgated by Beauchamp and Childress (2001).

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就评估医生的“伦理困境”来说,最常使用的理论框架是“伦理准则”,在比彻姆与柴尔德里斯发表的医学著作中,将这些准则总结为:“自主、正义、行善及不伤害”L+,+_L5H#5j

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A detailed analysis of these principles is beyond the scope here;however, the need for a code of medical ethics that is distinct from general societal ethics is the basis for medical professionalism.

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本文不涉及此四项原则的具体分析,然而,医学道德准则异于一般社会道德,是掌握医学专业素养的先决条件8(DLLQ,QmfI)cU~DaD|5

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Five features of medical relationships provide the moral imperatives that underlie the requirement for a professional ethical code separate from other forms of business.

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医患关系的五大特征体现了构成医疗职业道德准则的责任基础,区别于其它行业!ajBq1hgTF3I,

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One,the inequality in medical knowledge, and attendant vulnerability, of the patient;

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第一,病患对医理的掌握,以及病患自身状况参差不齐;

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ethics medicine.png

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Two,the requirement for the patient to trust the physician,known as the fiduciary nature of the relationship; ?

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第二,病患要相信医生,这也被称之为“信托关系”;

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Three,the moral nature of medical decisions that encompass both the technical aspects of health management and the ultimate effect on the patien's life?

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第三,医学道德准则既包括技术层面,还将最终影响病患生命;

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Four,the nature of medical knowledge as a public property that physicians receive in order to apply to the practical improvement of patient's lives;

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第四,作为一种公共财产,医生需要用医理来治病救人;

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Five,the moral complicity of the physician in the outcome of the prescribed care in that no formal medical care can take place without the physician's collusion.

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第五,医生的伦理道德是治病救人的先决条件;

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Because of these characteristics of the relationship between physicians and their patients, physicians must adhere to a set of ethical constraints specific to their profession.

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由于医患关系的种种特征,医生必须要遵守一系列道德约束]1!phL6_#l_8^oZ

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While these imperatives are not generally understood explicitly by patients, patients can clearly grasp when these principles are in danger.

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普遍情况下,病患不会对这些要点一一明了,但若有医生违反准则,病患自然清楚3#,(WTSs46cClUwxe

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They may even be suspicious that their physician or surgeon has competing motives to the patient's best interest.

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在保证病患权益上,病患甚至会怀疑医生拥有矛盾性动机SfWwOM~nkwb)&!|B

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One of the goals of the physician-patient interaction is to allay these fears and construct a trusting relationship based on the patient's needs, within the principles noted above.

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医患沟通的目的之一就是要缓解病人的紧张感,在准则允许的范围内,以病患需求出发,建立互信关系u8K##djgfZHA

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译文属可可英语原创,未经允许,不得转载2Nq%%[NK9Aoj,C

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重点讲解

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1.based on 以…为基础

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例句:All of the work we do is based on science.

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我们所做的一切都是在科学的基础上完成的rdQ_*1B5M0r

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2.known as 被称为

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例句:She'll be interrogated, jailed, interrogated again, get what's usually known as the full treatment.

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她将被审问,监禁,然后再被提审,接受通常所说的“全套款待

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3.in danger 有…的危险

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例句:At one stage his very life was in danger.

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他的生命都曾一度处于危险之中YDnQrCuzvaF-

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4.separate from 分离

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例句:Business bank accounts were kept separate from personal ones.

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银行的商业账户和个人账户是分开管理的L!ki@|q^vx,G3

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重点单词
  • approachn. 接近; 途径,方法 v. 靠近,接近,动手处理
  • ultimaten. 终极,根本,精华 adj. 终极的,根本的,极限的
  • technicaladj. 技术的,工艺的
  • characteristicsn. 特性,特征;特质;特色(characteristi
  • analysisn. 分析,解析
  • professionaladj. 职业的,专业的,专门的 n. 专业人员
  • suspiciousadj. 可疑的,多疑的
  • constructvt. 构筑,建造 n. 构想
  • trustingadj. 信任的;轻信的 v. 信赖(trust的ing
  • surgeonn. 外科医生