手机真的会榨干人类大脑吗?(下)
日期:2023-01-18 12:00

(单词翻译:单击)

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A massive, massive effect: we would all be distracted all the time.

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影响显著: 我们所有人都会一直被干扰Q)fP,xosvKUn5!su8AC

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And a very, very tiny effect: it would be meaningless.

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影响微小: 那就是不相关rxRPeDr9L9;i,d(;Lcp

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And this is somewhere in between.

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而这项研究结果介于这两者之间W1k!!Nb)4OZv2x1g[spC

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But it is a smaller effect than the earlier research has shown.

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这种影响比先前研究表明的要小mVzAJw2VW,yWjf

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Parry’s meta-analysis is a preprint, which means that it hasn’t been peer-reviewed yet.

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帕里的元分析论文只是预印本,这意味着论文还没有经过同行评审&rt[=0m;GndxPC)

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When I talked to Ward about that paper’s findings, he said he was glad there’s now been enough work on brain drain to look at evidence combined together,

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当我和沃德谈论那篇论文的研究结论时,他表示,他很高兴现在有关认知流失的研究很充足,可以把证据结合在一起看,

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and that, overall, Parry’s work reinforces the notion that phones are interfering with our working memory over other cognitive functions such as sustained attention—or what you’re paying attention to consciously.

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总的来说,帕里的研究加强了这样一个概念,即,手机正在干扰我们的工作记忆,而非其他认知功能,比如持续性注意力--有意识地关注某物ZKFfa_g&Of

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When you’re doing great at sustained attention, you know, you’re thinking you’re doing awesome because you’re not looking at your phone.

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当你在持续性注意力上表现很好时,你在想你做得很好,因为你没有看手机rzA^l@ecYnyV

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It’s on the desk in front of you, but you’re not paying attention to it, right?

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手机放在身前的桌子上,但你没有在关注它,对吗?

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And so that’s showing us no difference in sustained attention.

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这表明在持续性注意力方面不存在差异V(hqq8w7S_l@%COyR)

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But that process of not paying attention to it is using some of your working memory capacity.

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但这个没有注意的过程使用了部分工作记忆能力8qKs9ZF*4+I*Px5=Yc

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So that shows up as that significant, significant negative effect on working memory capacity.

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这就显示出手机对工作记忆能力的显著负面影响%%k6M6HhEf7jm

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Parry thinks that his findings actually raise more questions for further study, such as whether there’s something about the individuals in the past studies that led to a stronger brain drain effect for certain cognitive effects.

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帕里认为,他的研究结论实际上为进一步的研究提出了更多的问题,例如,在过去的研究中,是否有一些个体差异导致了更强的认知流失,造成某些认知影响%PFKasN5[AToFP

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For instance, for some people, their phones might be more important to them.

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例如,对一些人来说,他们的手机可能更重要R,&Ci_5oAl

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If you’re very involved, and your whole life is mediated through that, the way you’re orientated to its presence is going to be different.

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如果你时刻刷手机,整个生活都是通过手机来调节的,那么,手机放在哪里对你来说是不同的Ps3_Y*IkxTM2XDBx!;

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Another factor could be how susceptible a person is to FOMO, or the fear of missing out.

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另一个因素可能是一个人有多容易受FOMO的影响,FOMO指的是害怕错过任何新消息%P2Q8kJcI.

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There is an official psychologically validated scale for FOMO from 2013 that Parry says could be used alongside measuring brain drain to see if that influences the effect.

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帕里说,2013年有一个经过官方心理验证的FOMO量表,可以与测量认知流失一起使用,看看这是否会影响效果qP~tIFg7ZOZsPD

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The reality is like, “We’re not going to get rid of our phones. They’re going to be around, and [we’re] probably going to become even more dependent on them over time.”

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现实是,“我们不会放弃手机8]N5-yU=6!fO+YNs6j9。它们将继续伴在我们左右,我们可能会随着时间的推移变得更加依赖它们!NO*tjNV(7H=;b。”

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Like, I just had a kid, and I track every time this kid has a diaper on my phone, right?

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比如,我刚生了孩子,每次这个孩子换尿片,我都会在手机上跟踪记录,对吧?

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Like, my whole life is recorded in this little device. They are just woven into every aspect of our lives.

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我的一生都记录在这个小小的设备上]JT*OB3jv!*X&7&k*A)U。手机已经融入了我们生活的方方面面9oF;v4_sf_kZM9u4bN

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Knowing that the presence of a phone influences working memory could lead to having more targeted technology harm reduction, or keeping an eye out for that specific effect.

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了解手机的存在会影响工作记忆,可能会减少更有针对性的技术性伤害,从而密切关注这种特定的影响_AdYG..uz(6j;t

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In the end, this meta-analysis indicates we might not have to be super distressed about what a phone in our vicinity is doing to us.

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最后,这项元分析表明,我们可能不必为身旁的手机对我们造成的影响感到超级痛苦-Y#*8.ZsYrA9vLW^Dd

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For some people, there still could be a significant brain drain, but for others, it could be more of a drip.

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一些人可能存在严重的认知流失,而另一些人则可能只流失了一点点iU,h5y70S4Dx,hh^ogKQ

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Thanks for listening! For 60-Second Science, I’m Shayla Love.

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谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学_84oS~0c+9uO7MSFS@dW。我是谢拉·洛夫LUD@F@,7z+.G

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