听力文本

This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
(lion roar sound)
The animal kingdom is full of species that use sound—growls and bellows and roars—to signal size. Dogs do it. (dog growls( Red deer do it. (red deer roar) Koalas do it. (koala rumble)
And now we can add humans to that list. (human roar) Because a new study suggests we can size up other people by the sound of their roar alone.
First, researchers took the circumference of 61 men's and women's biceps, measured their grip strength, and their height. Then they told 'em to let loose a roar. (roar)
"I would probably describe it as the most hellish version of Groundhog Day you can think of." Jordan Raine, a behavioral ethologist at the University of Sussex. "If you just imagine 30 actors in training coming into a small room one after another and roaring at you, um, yeah it was an experience, that's for sure."
His team then played those roars back to a separate group of male and female listeners, who'd also been measured for strength and size. They found that men correctly rated other men as substantially stronger than them 90 percent of the time, based on roar alone.

Men did tend to underestimate women's strength by the sound of their roars, (woman's roar) and women overestimated men's strength. But, in general, roaring like a wild animal seemed like a pretty accurate way to telegraph body size and strength.
The researchers also found that regular shouting (shouting sample) did not seem to have the same effect as a roar. "So what the roaring is actually doing is having this exaggerating effect on strength, which is very similar to the adaptations that non-human mammals possess that allow them to exaggerate their strength as well." The full results—and more roars—are in the journal iScience.
The finding could have practical, real-world applications too. For example, soldiers have roared in battle throughout history to attempt to intimidate the enemy. "And the U.S. National Park Service actually recommends roaring as a defense strategy against bears."
Just hope that the bears' hearing is better than their eyesight.
Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

参考译文

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学9lIFbla;3l。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔0i9%E][OEE。
（狮吼声）
动物界到处都是用声音——咆哮、怒吼和吼叫——来展示体型大小的物种W^ema_V%|%7Fph~。狗如此f@Vl_-uWymN3~9。马鹿如此C+XZ4PB(Ml-8Lc(2。（马鹿的吼叫声）考拉也是如此QXNIR;l6j)91,。（考拉发出的隆隆声）
现在我们可以把人类加入这个列表C]vh=2S#O-YVF[KGh。（人类的吼叫声）因为一项新研究表明，我们可以仅凭他人的吼叫声来估计他们的体型大小j%Z[@2|3]63)。
首先，研究人员测量了61名男女肱二头肌的周长，以及他们的握力和身高F!9XW0vGXpkz^a.rs。然后，研究人员让参与者尽力吼叫Ld|B=,y;)D1Z。（吼叫声）
“我可能会这样描述这个实验：就像你能想到的最可怕的土拨鼠日FGoiiyOZc-.L。” 苏塞克斯大学的行为行为学家乔丹·雷恩说到aL8D@SQZaLXIJN2Ksi。“想象一下，30名演员在训练中一个接一个地走进小房间对你吼叫，嗯，就是这样的经历)Ho9=+*8**。”
随后，他的团队给男组和女组听众播放了这些吼叫声，研究人员也测量了这些听众的力量和体型N;kUA4s8#CSH1ia3#。他们发现，仅依据吼叫声，男性预估其他男性比自己强壮得多的准确率为90%k)s!dAX7o^-bEH0。
听女性的吼叫声时，男性倾向于低估女性的力量，（女性的吼叫声）而女性则会高估男性的力量hK@KRL3q94Ij7rXqg7。但总体来说，像野生动物一样吼叫，似乎是一种传达体型和力量的极为精确的方式uH^B^Qv;b+7。
研究人员还发现，平常的喊叫（喊叫样本）似乎没有产生吼叫的影响bQTVnlYNu!cO*EreVyn。“吼叫实际上是在夸大力量效果，这与非人类哺乳动物拥有并使其能夸大力量的适应性非常相似=9H!Z+Y]&^。”完整的研究结果——以及更多吼叫声——发表在《iScience》期刊上;BBTZWxt8fGV423hWA。
这一发现也可以产生实际且真实的用途@wNqdtj_k7X34fD。比如，在历史上，士兵曾在战斗中试图通过吼叫来恐吓敌人=gaonq^,t&2KJC6s(。“实际上，美国国家公园管理局建议将吼叫当作对抗熊的防御战略S23]+m,Rp3&@Z!,[7。”
只希望熊的听力比视力好g]kJYlaoXfQL。
谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学pN[hHdfeDh2l|@k&)G4。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔!MF3W#~_As!Z|S|E&b。

译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！

重点讲解

重点讲解：
1. be full of 有大量…的；满是…的；
The pool had dried up and was full of bracken and reeds.
水塘已经干涸，里面都是欧洲蕨和芦苇psULpD^cssf00!ObE。
2. size up 打量；估计；判断；评估；
Some US manufacturers have been sizing up the UK as a possible market for their clothes.
一些美国生产商一直在观察英国是否会成为他们的成衣潜在市场_x(keOg*KUTWt,。
3. in general 总的来说；总体上来看；大体上；
In general, it was the better-educated voters who voted Yes in the referendum.
通常是那些受教育程度较高的人在全民公决中投赞成票5JuHvH)XW,。
4. be similar to 相像的；相仿的；类似的；
This is similar to waiting for a bus that never turns up.
这就跟等待一辆永远等不到的公共汽车差不多DN,,2]v[bKEsx648@x6。