VOA建国史话(翻译+字幕+讲解):两次世界大战期间的美国(下)
日期:2020-11-16 15:47

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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Democrat Franklin Roosevelt was elected mainly because he promised to try new solutions to end the Great Depression. "This great Nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper. So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself — nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance." Soon after he was elected, Roosevelt launched a number of imaginative economic policies to solve the crisis. "Our greatest primary task is to put people to work. This is no unsolvable problem if we face it wisely and courageously. It can be accomplished in part by direct recruiting by the Government itself, treating the task as we would treat the emergency of a war, but at the same time, through this employment, accomplishing greatly needed projects to stimulate and reorganize the use of our great natural resources.

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Roosevelt's policies helped to reduce the amount of human suffering. But the Great Depression finally ended only with America's entry into World War Two. Roosevelt's victory in nineteen thirty-two also helped change the balance of power in American politics. Roosevelt brought new kinds of Americans to positions of power: Labor union leaders. Roman Catholics. Jews. Blacks. Americans from families that had come from places such as Italy, Ireland and Russia. These Americans repaid Roosevelt by giving the Democratic Party their votes. The nineteen twenties and thirties also brought basic changes in how Americans dealt with many of their social and economic problems. The nineteen twenties generally were a period of economic growth with little government intervention in the day-to-day lives of the people. But the terrible conditions of the Great Depression during the nineteen thirties forced Roosevelt and the federal government to experiment with new policies.

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The government began to take an active role in offering relief to the poor. It started programs to give food and money to poor people. And it created jobs for workers. The government grew in other ways. It created major programs for farmers. It set regulations for the stock market. It built dams, roads and airports. American government looked much different at the end of this period between the world wars than it did at the beginning. Government had become larger and more important. It dealt with many more issues in people's lives than it ever had before. Social protest increased during the nineteen twenties and thirties. Some black Americans began to speak out more actively about unfair laws and customs. Blacks in great numbers moved from the southern part of the country to northern and central cities. The nineteen twenties and thirties also were a time of change for women. Women began to wear less conservative kinds of clothes. Washing machines and other inventions allowed them to spend less time doing housework. Women could smoke or drink in public, at least in large cities. And many women held jobs.

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Of course, the women's movement was not new. Long years of work by such women's leaders as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony had helped women win the constitutional right to vote in nineteen twenty. The nineteen twenties and thirties also were important periods in the arts. George Gershwin wrote his "Rhapsody in Blue" originally for piano and jazz band. It later went on to become a symphony concert favorite. Writers such as Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, Eugene O'Neill and others made this what many called the "Golden Age" of American writing. Frank Lloyd Wright and other architects designed great buildings for American cities. Film actors like Clark Gable, and radio entertainers like Jack Benny did more than make Americans laugh or cry. They also helped unite the country. Millions of Americans could watch or listen to the same show at the same time.

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Politics. The economy. Social traditions. Art. All these changed for Americans during the nineteen twenties and thirties. And many of these changes also had effects in countries beyond America's borders. However, the change that had the most meaning for the rest of the world was the change produced by the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. America's modern history as a great superpower begins with its reaction to that attack. "Yesterday, December 7, 1941 -- a date which will live in infamy -- the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan... "No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory."

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重点解析

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1.first of all 首先;第一

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First of all, answer these questions.

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首先,回答这些问题U8aJO3FS~^GC5

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2.at the same time 同时;与此同时

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I was afraid of her, but at the same time I really liked her.

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我害怕她,但同时也确实喜欢她yCqvO03=In

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3.at the end of 在……的尽头;在……的末尾

He parted with us at the end of the trip.

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旅行结束时他和我们分手了-hQp~1.(aJC

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4.listen to 收听;听从

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Anne, you need to listen to me this time.

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安妮,这次你得听我的5b-)Sw-V^w3

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参考译文

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民主党人富兰克林·罗斯福当选,主要是因为他承诺尝试新的解决方案来结束大萧条2cj|UGaOY~-E。“这个伟大的国家将像它所经历过的那样持久、复兴和繁荣+s]C^6G|.wOwrqiYtz。因此,首先,让我申明我坚定的信念,即我们唯一需要害怕的就是恐惧本身FSWgf&^+NZytS!laNq。这是一种无法名状、毫无道理的恐怖,它使从退却转为前进所需的努力陷于瘫痪Jq5eWvF=0(u)u3LKi。”罗斯福当选后不久,推出了许多富有想象力的经济政策来解决危机vc2aKv@sQ+=;LF。“我们的首要任务是让人们工作QT12f=b5q1ytM。这不是一个无法解决的问题,只要我们勇敢地面对L1tX2EownQ4hL1@7oy~p。它可以部分地通过政府直接招募来完成,就像对待战争的紧急情况一样=lM.LNy-fwGf~k。但同时,通过这种雇佣,完成急需的项目,以刺激和重组使用我们巨大的自然资源lIMIeQZ~QI&=

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罗斯福的政策有助于减少人们的痛苦,但大萧条最终以美国加入二战而结束NkyIF1I8N;3@tI;a#ewr。1932年,罗斯福获得胜利也有助于改变美国政治的力量平衡-GxUm5i0.fWkNl~O%*。罗斯福把新一代美国人带到了掌权的位置:工会领袖![1bz,micSJ-。罗马天主教徒、犹太人、黑人、来自意大利、爱尔兰和俄罗斯等地家庭的美国人7rntwFCvVfQpBw-m。这些美国人通过给民主党投票来回报罗斯福c4acfKbC@oas。20世纪二三十年代,美国人处理社会和经济问题的方式也发生了根本性变化XyK2@|GlsiA,。大体上来看,20世纪20年代是经济增长时期,政府很少干预人民的日常生活_vCeQOi!!yr_[0g。但是,20世纪30年代大萧条时期的可怕状况,迫使罗斯福和联邦政府尝试新的政策BzZ[1~S;m+

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政府开始在救济穷人方面发挥积极作用,为穷人提供食物和钱款,为工人创造就业机会Fuo4nUFCqaV8]。政府以其他方式发展,为农民制定重大计划,为股票市场制定规章制度,修建水坝、公路和机场y#1I121A~[A。两次世界大战之间,美国政府看起来有很大不同Jy#DXo(3sbX(O4,。它变得越来越庞大,越来越重要,处理的问题比以往任何时候都多b)yKTy9UA9bg.。社会抗议在20世纪二三十年代增加了XJ1G3Y^]!d4E2RI1。一些美国黑人开始更积极地谈论不公平的法律和习俗,大批黑人从南部迁往北部和中部城市T[vjJ#skkAwAA,d..U3X。20世纪二三十年代也是女性变革的时期+ET|.VNHVKgL=Ab。女人开始穿不那么保守的衣服@w.j@AT!NS~oUD%N,D。洗衣机和其他发明使她们花更少的时间做家务;eeE[YVCTcOy-2yd。女性可以在公共场所吸烟或饮酒,至少在大城市是这样(*LCFr~g^K%%5u@jIm。许多女性都有工作m,M|agv6h#j

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当然,女性运动并不是新鲜事R7M0L-[@~A。伊丽莎白·凯迪·斯坦顿和苏珊·B·安东尼等女性领导人多年的工作,帮助女性在1920年赢得了宪法赋予的选举权KF|sYFP(@OAYZQ0%。20世纪30年代也是重要的艺术时期_4[K0DTVyKDe26ZG39k。乔治·格什温为钢琴和爵士乐队创作了《蓝色狂想曲》,后来它成为交响乐音乐会的最爱Y9qtI59fe+58|-R。欧内斯特·海明威、威廉·福克纳、尤金·奥尼尔等作家将这一时期称为美国文学的“黄金时代”yr@&]l1_r~。弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特和其他建筑师为美国城市设计了伟大的建筑u(T_N@i|rn5HB,。像克拉克·盖博这样的电影演员和杰克·本尼等广播剧演员所做的,不仅是让美国人哭笑不得,他们还帮助国家团结I-Gg2=H#!z6@rwI~。数百万美国人可以同时观看或收听同一个节目xAT2i_;Kf38R1Tg=gw

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政治、经济、社会传统、艺术,所有这些在20世纪二三十年代对美国人来说都发生了变化b-~_t^VVikC.R_SSbLQV。这些变化中的许多方面,也对美国境外的国家产生了影响S@yTBPOS3L#|rWqcx2。然而,对世界其他地区来说最具意义的变化是日本偷袭珍珠港所产生的变化RDupw3,HOOivn2。美国作为超级大国的现代史,始于它对那次袭击的反应|DzLbBc=yDRZQ6!2Xk。“昨天,1941年12月7日——这将是声名狼藉的一天——美利坚合众国突然遭到日本帝国海空军的蓄意袭击......“无论我们要花多长时间才能战胜这场有预谋的侵略,美国人民都将以其正义的力量赢得绝对的胜利3Ry1e3Pxx_zh)_。”

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译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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