Using the professor's example, explain what an establishing shot is and how it is used.
请用教授所举例子解释说明远景是什么，以及它是如何使用的。
Read the passage from a Film's Studies textbook.
请阅读这篇选自电影研究课本的文章。
You will have 50 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.
你将有50秒的时间阅读文章。现在计时开始。
Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a film class.
请听电影课上关于这个话题的部分内容。
The other day I went to this great new movie.
有一天我去看了一部很棒的新电影。
And one of the scenes in particular I thought was really set up nicely.
特别是其中一个场景，我觉得设置得真的很好。
At the start of the scene, before the action and talking things started, you saw on the movie screen an image of a city.
在电影开头，一切动作和声音都还没开始的时候，电影屏幕上放着一幅城市的照片。
You could tell it was a big city.
看得出来那是一个大城市。
There were lots of buildings, tall ones, skyscrapers,
画面中有很多大楼，摩天大楼，
and the cars and signs on the city streets looked old fashioned, like they were from the past, like the 1940s.
而且城市街道上的车辆和标志看上去都是老式的，就像过去的东西一样，很有上世纪四十年代的风格。
The other thing I noticed right away from this first image, just when the scene started, was that the city seemed gloomy.
当电影正好开始的时候，我从这幅开场照片中立马注意到的另一件事就是：这座城市看起来很阴郁。
You couldn't see much because it was, well, it was mostly darkness rather than sunlight.
你看不到多少东西，因为画面主要都是黑暗的，并没有阳光。
And there was only just little bit of light from street lamps.
只有路灯发出的一丝亮光。
On top of that, it was raining and kind of foggy.
画面上方显示那里正在下雨，并且有些雾蒙蒙的。
All of these details were together to create a dark, gloomy, mysterious feeling.
所有这些细节共同构造了一种黑暗、阴郁、神秘的气氛。
So then, when the action started and it showed detectives talking to each other in the office,
所以，接下来当动作开始出现，画面显示侦探们在办公室里互相交谈时，
I already knew that the office was located in a tall building, in a big city, sometime in the 1940s.
我就知道了办公室在一个大城市的一栋高楼里，时间是上世纪四十年代的某个时候。
And I had a good idea that the events that'd be taking place would be pretty dark and mysterious because of the shot, the image I saw at the beginning of the scene.
并且，受我在开场时看见的那幅照片影响，我觉得电影里将要发生的事情会非常黑暗且神秘。