Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the importance of visual elements in painting.
利用演讲中的观点和例子解释绘画中视觉元素的重要性。
Listen to part of a talk in an Art Appreciation class.
听一段艺术鉴赏课的谈话。
In order for art to communicate, to appeal to the emotions or the intellect,
为了艺术的交流，对情感和智力有感染力，
it has to combine various visual elements to express meaning or emotion.
它必须将各种视觉元素组合起来表达涵义和情感。
It's really the visual components of the work, things like color, texture, shape,
艺术作品的确是由可视化组件，诸如颜色、质地、形状、
lines and how these elements work together that tell us something about the work.
线条和这些元素的协同工作来向我们展示的。
Artists combine and manipulate these visual elements to express a message or to create a mood.
艺术家结合和操纵这些视觉元素来表达一个讯息或营造一种心情。
Think about how a painter might use colors, for example.
比如说想想一个画家会如何运用色彩。
You all know from experience that different colors appeal in different ways to the senses and can convey different meanings.
你们都从经验得知不同的颜色通过不同的方式给人不同的感觉，传达不同的意义。
An artist chooses certain colors to evoke a particular mood and make powerful statements.
艺术家选择特定的颜色唤起特定的情绪，做出强有力的表达方式。
The color red, for example, is a strong color,
比如说红色是一种强烈的颜色，
and can conjure up strong emotions such as extreme joy or excitement or even anger.
可以使人联想到强烈的感情，比如说异常的高兴或者激动或者气愤。
Blue, on the other hand, is considered a cool color.
另一方面，蓝色被认为是一种冷色调。
Blue colors tend to have a calming effect on viewers.
蓝色往往对观众有镇静作用。
Another visual element important to art is texture.
艺术的另一个重要的视觉元素是纹理。
By texture I mean surface quality or feel of the work, its smoothness or roughness or softness.
我所说的纹理是指表面质量或作品的感触，其平滑或粗糙或柔软。
Now, of course, in some types of art the texture is physical.
当然，对某些类型的艺术而言纹理是物质的。
It can be actually be touched by the fingers.
它可以用手指去触摸。
But in painting, for example, texture can be visual.
但是在绘画上，纹理可以是视觉上的。
The way an artist paints certain areas of the painting can create the illusion of texture,
在某些领域，艺术家描绘的绘画可以创建纹理的错觉，
an object's smoothness or roughness or softness.
一个物体平滑或粗糙或柔软。
A rough texture can evoke stronger emotions and strength while a smooth texture is more calming and less emotional.
一个粗糙的纹理可以唤起更强烈的情绪和力量，而光滑的质地更平静以及更少情绪化。
As I said earlier, artists often combine elements to convey a message about the work.
如前所述，艺术家常常结合元素来传达关于作品的信息。
Take a painting that, say, uses a lot of strong colors like reds and oranges and uses brush strokes
就一幅画而言，使用很多强烈的颜色如红色和橙色，
that are broad, wide sweeping brush strokes that suggest a rough texture.
并使用更广泛的、宽的笔触来显示一个粗糙的纹理。
Well, these elements together can convey a wilder more chaotic emotion in the viewer than,
相对一幅画着细小，光滑的笔触和柔软或苍白的颜色的作品而言，
more than say a painting with tiny, smooth brush stokes and soft or pale colors.
这些元素在一起可以向观众传达比更狂野更混乱的情绪。
Artists use these visual effects and the senses they arouse to give meaning to their work.
艺术家使用这些视觉效果和他们引发的感觉赋予了作品的意义。