英语口译三级精讲第39讲讲义

课文口译（一）

一、词汇口译

隆重集会 gather ceremoniously / with much ceremony
全国各族人民 Chinese people of all ethnic groups
团结奋斗 / 齐心协力 make concerted efforts
符合 in line with / be consistent with
中国共产党十一届叁中全会 The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Congress of the Communist Party of China
国情 national conditions
举世瞩目的成就 remarkable achievements
阔步前进 advance in giant strides
经济体制 economic system
经济增长方式 economic growth mode
可持续发展战略 the strategy of sustainable development
宏观调控目标 macro-regulation targets
通货膨胀 inflation
显著特点 salient feature
获得良好收成 register a bumper harvest
国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOE)
试点工作 pilot work
全面展开 in full swing
回升 pick up
适当增长 modest growth
国家外汇储备 state foreign reserve
社会主义精神文明建设 socialist culture and ethics education
先进典型 model figure
涌现 emerge
广泛称赞 wide acclaim
学习的榜样 a good example for others
鼓舞了奋进精神 boost the morale to forge ahead
“严打”斗争 Operation Strike Hard
有力地打击 strike a forceful blow
犯罪活动 criminal activities
有很大差距 lag far behind / have an enormous distance to cover
共同愿望 shared / common aspiration
坚持 persist in / adhere to
“三个代表” Three represents---- (The Communist Party of China always) represents the requirement of the development trend of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people.
富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家 a prosperous, democratic and civilized socialist country
中华民族的伟大复兴 the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation

二、口译技巧

1.词性转换

动词转化为介词

各项试点工作全面展开。
all pilot work is in swing.

2.省略

国家面貌发生了历史性的巨大变化。
enormous changes have taken place in China.

3.增词

当前我国经济发展的一个显著特点，是既保持了经济的快速增长，又成功地抑制了通货膨胀。
A salient feature in China’s economic development at present is that we have been able to achieve rapid economic growth and successfully keep inflation under control at the same time. （译文中增加主语”we”）

4.拆分

五十四年前，中华人民共和国宣告成立，开创了中国历史的新纪元，/ 中国人民从此站起来了。
Fifty-four years ago, the proclamation of the founding of the PRC ushered in a new era in Chinese history. / The Chinese people have since stood up. （原文中“宣告”的译法采用的是动词转化为名词的技巧）


5.合并

我们找到了适合本国国情的发展道路，我国的各项事业取得了举世瞩目的成就。
We have found the road to development in line with our national conditions and have scored remarkable achievements in various undertakings.（前后句子合并，后一句的主语“我国的各项事业”转换为“我们”）

对外贸易上半年遇到一些困难，下半年开始回升，全年仍将实现适当增长，进出口保持基本平衡。
Despite some difficulties in the first half of this year, foreign trade has started to pick up from the second half of the year and a modest growth is still anticipated for the whole year with a rough balance between import and export.（原文并列短句在译文中合并为一个并列复合句，主语分别为foreign trade和a modest growth。）

6.句子成分转化

现在，全国各地积极推进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变，实施科教兴国和可持续发展的战略，/国民经济继续保持良好的发展势头，年初确定的宏观调控目标可以实现。
Now vigorous efforts have been made across the country to transform the economic system and mode of economic growth, to implement the policy of rejuvenating the country by science and education and the strategy of sustainable development. The national economy has maintained a good development momentum, and the macro-regulation targets set at the beginning of the year are expected to be met. （原文中“全国各地”的主语在译文中转化为地点状语 + 拆分技巧）

入夏以来，虽然局部地区遭受了严重的洪涝灾害，但就全国而言，农业将获得好的收成。
In spite of the severe flooding in some areas in summer this year, China as a whole will register another bumper harvest in agriculture.（原文中的主语“局部地区”和“农业”均转化为译文中的状语， 原文中的动词短语“遭受了”省略不译。）