英语口译三级精讲第57讲讲义

课文口译（二）

一、口译技巧

1.省略
中国的丝织、制瓷、冶金、造船技术很早就达到世界的先进水平。
China's silk weaving, porcelain making, metallurgy and shipbuilding reached the world's advanced level in ancient times.（省略范畴类词语）

2.合并
从秦代到清末的2,100多年间，哈雷彗星出现27次，中国都有记录。
In the 2,100 years from the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty, the 27 appearances of Halley Comet were all recorded in China.（原文中“哈雷彗星出现27次”作为主语并入后句中，同时后句采用主动转化为被动的口译技巧）

3.词性转化
动词转化为名词
中国的医药学在世界上独树一帜。
The Chinese medicine is a unique school of its own.

它是通过各种学科、各种学派的相互砥砺、相互渗透而发展的，也是通过同世界各国的相互交流、相互学习而进步的。
It is developed through the contention and interaction of various disciplines and thoughts, and also through the exchanges and learning between China and other countries in the world.

动词转化为介词
中国的历史文化始终处于发展进步之中。
China's culture and history have always been in progress.

鸦片战争以来，一代又一代先进的中国人，为了振兴中华，努力向西方国家学习先进的科学思想和文明成果，并同中国的实际相结合，推动了中国社会的变革与发展。
Since the Opium War, generation after generation of enlightened Chinese people have, for national rejuvenation, spared no pains in learning from Western countries advanced science and cultural achievements in combination with China's realities to push for China's social reform and development.

4.增词
张骞出使西域，开拓举世闻名的“丝绸之路”。
Imperial envoy Zhang Qian's trip to the “West” in the Han Dynasty opened up the world-famous Silk Road.（增添原文主语“张骞”的背景说明）