Passage Three
段落三
It's logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits and job security motivate workers, but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers. They are merely satisfiers.
认为良好的劳资关系、愉悦的工作环境、较高的工资和福利待遇、工作安全性好能够激励员工，这是完全符合逻辑的。然而，专家弗洛迪克?赫兹伯格认为这些条件并不能激励员工，只是让员工得到满足的物质条件而已。
Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility.
相反，激励因素包括挑战性和趣味性的工作、认可和责任等。
However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there're always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.
然而，即使随着计算机技术和机器人技术的发展，仍有大量无聊、重复和机械的工作，并且还必须有大量做这些工作的非技术人员。
So how do managers motivate people in such jobs? One solution is to give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as a team.
所以管理人员如何激励从事这种工作的人呢？一种解决办法就是让他们承担责任，不是作为个人，而是作为团队。
For example, some supermarkets combine office staff, the people who fill the shelves, and the people who work at the checkout into a team, and let them decide what product lines to stock, how to display them and so on.
例如，有些超市把办公室人员、填货人和收银员编成一组，让他们决定进什么货、产品如何陈列等。
Many people now talk about the importance of a company's shared values or culture with which all the staff can identify, for example, being the best hotel chain, or making the best, the most user-friendly or the most reliable products in a particular field.
现在很多人在谈论员工认同的公司价值观和公司文化的重要性，如怎样成为最好的旅馆连锁，或在某一特定领域做最好、最人性化或最可靠的产品。
Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets which ultimately only concern a few people.
这样的价值观比那些只与少数人有关的财务目标更有可能激励员工。
Unfortunately, there's only a limited number of such goals to go around and by definition, not all the competing companies in an industry can seriously play in to be the best.
不幸的是，只有个别公司才会有这样的目标，当然，并不是所有的竞争公司在业界都能做到最好。
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
基于你听到的回答问题32至35。
Question 32: What can actually motivate workers according to Frederick Herzberg?
问题32. 根据弗洛迪克?赫兹伯格的观点，什么可以激励员工？
Question 33: What does the speaker say about jobs in the computer era?
问题33. 说话者就计算机时代的工作发表了什么观点？
Question 34: What do some supermarkets do to motivate employees?
问题34. 一些超市为激励员工采取了什么措施？
Question 35: Why does the speaker say financial targets are less likely to motivate workers?
问题35. 为什么说财务目标不太可能激发员工？