Chapter 34
第34章
The struggle for kansas
关于堪萨斯的纷争
349. Pierce elected President, 1852.
349．皮尔斯当选总统（1852年）
It was now Campaign time for a new election. The Whigs had been successful with two old soldiers, so they thought they would try again with another soldier and nominated General Winfield Scott, the conqueror of Mexico. The Democrats also nominated a soldier, Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire, who had been in northern Mexico with Taylor. The Democrats and Whigs both said that they would stand by the Compromise of 1850. But many voters thought that there would be less danger of excitement with a Democrat in the White House and voted for Pierce for that reason. They soon found that they were terribly mistaken in their belief.
又到了新一轮大选的时候，辉格党已经成功推出两名老兵，因此他们想再次尝试推出一名老兵，他们提名曾经征服墨西哥的温菲尔德·斯科特将军为总统。民主党也提名一名老兵--来自新罕布什尔的富兰克林·皮尔斯，此人曾经与泰勒一起在墨西哥北部战斗。民主党和辉格党都说要遵守1850的《折中法案》，但是，许多投票者认为让民主党人入主白宫较为稳妥，因此他们选举皮尔斯。很快，人们发现这是一个十分错误的选择。
350. Douglas's Nebraska Bill.
350．道格拉斯的《内布拉斯加议案》
President Pierce began his term of office quietly enough. But in 1854 Senator Douglas of Illinois brought in a bill to organize the Territory of Nebraska. It will be remembered that in 1820 Missouri had been admitted to the Union as a slave state. In 1848 Iowa had been admitted as a free state. North of Iowa was the free Territory of Minnesota. Westward from Missouri, Iowa, and Minnesota was an immense region without any government of any kind. It all lay north of the compromise line of 1820, and had been forever devoted to freedom by that compromise.
总统皮尔斯十分低调地开始其任职，但是，1854年伊利诺斯的参议员道格拉斯提出一个要组建内布拉斯加地区的议案。应记得1820年密苏里是作为一个有奴隶的州加入联邦，1848年爱荷华作为一个自由州加入联邦，爱荷华州以北是明尼苏达的领土，也没有奴隶存在。从密苏里州、爱荷华州和明尼苏达州往西是大片没有政府管理的地区，这一地区处于1820年折中线以北，并且一直致力于根据这个折中获得自由。