He was in favor of "squatter sovereignty," that is, allowing the people of each territory to have slavery or not as they chose. The Whig candidate was General Taylor, the victor of Buena Vista. The Whigs put forth no statement of principles. The third candidate was Martin Van Buren, already once President. Although a Democrat, he did not favor the extension of slavery. He was nominated by Democrats who did not believe in "squatter sovereignty," and by a new party which called itself the Free Soil party. The abolitionists or Liberty party also nominated a candidate, but he withdrew in favor of Van Buren. The Whigs had nominated Millard Fillmore of New York for Vice-President. He attracted to the Whig ticket a good many votes in New York. Van Buren also drew a good many votes from the Democrats. In this way New York was carried for Taylor and Fillmore. This decided the election, and the Whig candidates were chosen.
他赞同"主权自由"，即允许各地对是否拥有奴隶制做出自己的选择。辉格党的候选人是泰勒将军，他是布纳维斯塔战役的胜利者，辉格党没有拿出一些基本原则。第三个候选者是马丁·凡·伯伦，他已经做过一任总统，尽管是一个民主党人，他不支持奴隶制的扩张。那些不相信"主权自由"的民主党和自称为"自由土地党"的人提名他为总统。废奴主义者和自由党也提名一个候选人，但是他退出，转而支持凡·伯伦。辉格党提名纽约的米勒德·菲尔莫尔为副总统候选人，此人在纽约获得辉格党的大量投票。凡·伯伦也得到了民主党的很多投票。这样纽约就支持泰勒和菲尔莫尔。这决定了大选，辉格党的候选者当选。
342. California.
342．加利福尼亚
Before the treaty of peace with Mexico was ratified, even before it was signed, gold was discovered in California. Reports of the discovery soon reached the towns on the western seacoast. At once men left whatever they were doing and hastened to the hills to dig for gold. Months later rumors of this discovery began to reach the eastern part of the United States.
在批准与墨西哥签订的和平条约之前，甚至在这个条约签订之前，人们就在加利福尼亚发现了黄金。关于这个发现的报告很快传到西部海岸的各个城镇，人们立刻放下手头在做的事赶到山区去淘金。几个月之后，关于这个发现的传闻到达美国东部地区。