Chapter 32
第32章
The Mexican War
墨西哥战争
329. The Republic of Texas.
329．得克萨斯共和国
The Mexicans won their independence from Spain in 1821 and founded the Mexican Republic. Soon immigrants from the United States settled in the northeastern part of the new republic. This region was called Texas. The Mexican government gave these settlers large tracts of land, and for a time everything went on happily. Then war broke out between the Mexicans and the Texans. Led by Samuel Houston, a settler from Tennessee, the Texans won the battle of San Jacinto and captured General Santa Anna, the president of the Mexican Republic. The Texans then established the Republic of Texas (1836) and asked to be admitted to the Union as one of the United States.
墨西哥人1821年脱离西班牙而独立，他们建立了墨西哥共和国。很快，来自美国的移民在这个新共和国的东北部定居，这个地区被叫做得克萨斯，墨西哥政府给这个地区的殖民者大块土地。有一段时间，这一切都快乐地进行着，后来发生了墨西哥人与得克萨斯人的战争。在来自田纳西的殖民地居民萨缪尔·休斯顿的带领下，得克萨斯人在圣雅辛托之战中获胜，并俘虏了墨西哥共和国的总统桑托·安那将军，于是，得克萨斯人建立了得克萨斯共和国（1836年），并申请加入联邦作为美国的一个州。
330. The Southerners and Texas.
330．南方人与得克萨斯
The application of Texas for admission to the Union came as a pleasant surprise to many Southerners. As a part of the Mexican Republic Texas had been free soil. But Texas was well suited to the needs of the cotton plant. If it were admitted to the Union, it would surely be a slave state or, perhaps, several slave states. The question of admitting Texas first came before Jackson. He saw that the admission of Texas would be strongly opposed in the North. So he put the whole matter to one side and would have nothing to do with it.
得克萨斯申请加入联邦令许多南方人感到惊喜，因为作为墨西哥共和国一部分的得克萨斯一直是一片自由的土地，而得克萨斯特别适于种植棉花，如果接受得克萨斯加入联邦，它当然会成为一个奴隶州，或者成为几个奴隶州。杰克森首先发现了接受得克萨斯的一个问题，他认识到接受得克萨斯将遭到北方人的强烈反对，因此他将这件事放到一边，并且不打算处置这件事。