(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Many Android and iPhone owners use Google services on their mobile devices. Some of these services use GPS technology to collect information about the places people go.
One of the most widely used location services is Google Maps. When someone uses Google Maps, information about times and locations are recorded and stored.
Google also uses tracking tools with other services. Weather apps, for example, are designed to identify a user's location to provide local weather information. Even some Google internet searches can result in the collection of information about exactly where a person was when the search was made.
Google says it collects the data to improve localized experiences for its users. But such practices have also raised privacy concerns. Privacy activists have called on Google and other major technology companies to make it easier for users to turn off location services if they do not want to be tracked.
An investigation by the Associated Press, or AP, suggests this process is not as easy as it might seem. The investigation found that Google continues to collect location information even on users who have changed their privacy settings.
The AP says the results of its investigation were confirmed by computer science researchers at Princeton University in the American state of New Jersey.
Google's influence in the mobile device industry is far-reaching. About two billion people worldwide use Google-developed Android devices. In addition, hundreds of millions of iPhone owners use Google for maps or for making searches.
In some ways, Google is clear about asking permission to use location information. For example, Google Maps will seek approval from a user to give the app access to locations so it can provide directions. If a user agrees to let Google collect location information over time, Google Maps will show this history in a "timeline" that shows the person's daily movements.
Google also has a "Location History" setting, which it explains on its support page. The company says any user can turn off Location History at any time. "With Location History off, the places you go are no longer stored," Google states. The company says when Location History is turned off for a user's account, it is turned off for all devices linked to that Google account.
But the AP investigation found this does not appear to be true. It found that Google continued to save location history even if a user had turned off Location History. Turning off Location History only stopped Google from creating a timeline of locations the user had visited.
One of the tests the AP carried out involved Princeton privacy researcher Gunes Acar. The news agency was able to track his movements and identify visited locations – including his home – over several days in the New York City area.
Acar was carrying an Android phone with Location History turned off.
Other Princeton researchers confirmed the AP's test findings on multiple mobile devices.
Jonathan Mayer is a Princeton computer scientist and former technologist with the Federal Communications Commission. He disagrees with Google's methods for storing location data, which he says can be unclear for users.
"If you're going to allow users to turn off something called 'Location History,' then all the places where you maintain location history should be turned off," Mayer said. "That seems like a pretty straightforward position to have."
In answer to a request for comment from the AP, Google said it uses several location tracking tools.
"There are a number of different ways that Google may use location to improve people's experience, including: Location History, Web and App Activity, and through device-level Location Services," the company said in a statement.
Google says users can stop the saving of all location markers by turning off another setting. That setting, however, is not clearly identified as being connected to location tracking. The setting is called "Web and App Activity." It is activated on new devices. The tool stores different kinds of information from Google apps and websites to a user's Google account.
How to prevent further tracking
The easiest way to block further location tracking on any device is to go to the website myactivity.google.com, which permits users to change Google account settings. On the upper left drop-down list, go to "Activity Controls." Turn off both "Web & App Activity" and "Location History." This should prevent exact location markers from being stored to your Google account.
I'm Bryan Lynn.
重点解析
重点讲解：
1. result in 导致；引起；造成；
Competition can be healthy, but if it is pushed too far it can result in bullying.
竞争可以是良性的，但如果太过火，就可能造成以强凌弱。
2. in addition 另外；加之；除…之外；
In addition, the respondent disclosed professional confidences to one of the patients.
另外，被告还向其中一位病人透露了行业机密。
3. in some ways (某个)方面；(某)点；
In some ways, the official opening is a formality.
从某些方面来说，正式的开幕仪式只不过是走个形式。
4. carry out 实施；执行；实行；
He pledged that there would be no whitewash and that the police would carry out a full investigation.
他保证将不会有任何掩饰，并且警方将进行全面调查。
参考译文
许多安卓和苹果用户都在移动设备上使用谷歌的服务。有些服务会利用全球定位系统技术收集人们所去地方的信息。
其中一个使用最广泛的定位服务是谷歌地图。当人们使用谷歌地图时，有关时间和地点的信息会被记录并储存下来。
谷歌还会利用其他服务的追踪工具。比如天气应用，该应用旨在识别用户位置以提供当地的天气信息。甚至有些谷歌互联网搜索服务都能收集位置信息，可以精准定位人们在进行搜索时的所在位置。
价格表示，他们收集这些信息是为了改善用户的本地化体验。但是这种做法也引发了人们对隐私的担忧。隐私权活动人士要求谷歌和其他主要科技公司采取措施，让用户在不想被追踪时可以更方便地关闭定位服务。
美联社（简称AP）进行的一项调查显示，这一过程可能并不像看起来的那样简单。调查发现，即使用户更改了隐私设置，谷歌仍在继续收集他们的位置信息。
美联社表示，调查结果得到了美国新泽西州普林斯顿大学的计算机科学研究人员的证实。
谷歌对移动设备行业的影响极为深远。全世界有约20亿人使用谷歌开发的安卓设备。另外，还有数亿名苹果手机用户使用谷歌地图或谷歌搜索引擎。
从某些方面来看，谷歌很清楚在使用位置信息时要获得用户许可。举例来说，谷歌地图会征得用户许可，同意该应用访问位置信息以便提供方向。如果用户同意谷歌在一段时间内收集其位置信息，那谷歌地图会通过一个时间线显示出位置历史，指出该用户的日常运动。
谷歌设置中有一个名为“位置历史”的选项，谷歌在支持页面对这个设置进行了说明。谷歌表示，所有用户都可以随时关闭“位置历史”这一功能。谷歌称，“关闭位置历史选项后，用户所去的地方便不再被保存”。该公司说，一个用户账号关闭位置历史选项后，该谷歌账号登录的所有设备都会关闭该选项。
但是美联社的调查发现，这似乎不是事实。调查发现，即使用户关闭“位置历史”功能，谷歌仍会继续储存位置历史。关闭位置历史只能使谷歌不再为用户访问的地点创建时间线。
普林斯顿隐私权研究员居内斯·阿卡尔参与了美联社进行的测试。阿卡尔在纽约市活动的几天中，美联社能追踪到他的活动范围并识别出他访问的地点——包括他的家。
进行测试时，阿卡尔携带着一部关闭了位置历史功能的安卓手机。
其他普林斯顿研究员证实了美联社在多个移动设备上的测试结果。
乔纳森·迈尔是普林斯顿计算机科学家兼联邦通信委员会执行局前技术专家。他不同意谷歌储存位置数据的方法，他说用户可能并不清楚这点。
迈尔表示，“如果允许用户关闭所谓的‘位置历史’，那么就应该关闭所有保存位置历史的应用。那看起来才像坦诚的态度。”
面对美联社的质询，谷歌表示他们使用了多个位置追踪工具。
谷歌公司发表声明表示：“谷歌可能使用多种不同的方式进行定位，以提高人们的体验，这里的定位包括位置历史、网络及应用活动以及设备的定位服务。”
谷歌表示，用户可以通过关闭另一个设置来阻止谷歌保存所有位置标记。但是，这个设置并没有被明确标记与位置追踪有关。这一设置名为 “网络及应用活动”。该设置在新设备上是默认开启的。这一功能会储存来自谷歌应用、网站以及谷歌用户账号的多种不同信息。
如何阻止进一步追踪
阻止任何设备被进一步追踪的最简单方法是登录myactivity.google.com这个网站，该网站允许用户更改谷歌账户设置。在网站左上角的下拉列表中，选择“活动控制”。将“网络及应用活动”和“位置历史”两个功能全部关闭。这应该能阻止精确位置标记保存你的谷歌账号信息。
布莱恩·林恩报道。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
