Recording 46
录音46
You will hear someone talking about creating a presentation.
你将听到一段关于制作演示作品的录音。
First, you have some time to look at the questions 31 to 40.
首先，你有时间看看第三十一题至第四十题。
Now listen carefully and answer the question 31 to 40.
现在仔细听录音，回答第三十一题至第四十题。
Hello, everyone. You've all been given an assignment for your Sociology course which will involve giving a presentation to the rest of the group.
大家好。你们的社会学课程布置了一项作业，其内容包括要向小组作一次成果展示。
And so, today, I'm going to be giving you a few tips on how to prepare your presentations.
因此，今天我将提示一下大家该如何准备你的展示。
This should help you with your current assignment, but a lot of the principles I'll be putting across will be general principles which will, of course, help you with all your future presentations.
这有助于你们完成目前要做的作业，但我要讲的大部分原则都是通用的，所以也会对你们将来的成果展示有所帮助。
So, first of all, the most important thing to consider is your audience, and in this instance, your audience are the other students in your group.
首先，最需要考虑的是你的观众，在此情况下，就是小组里的其他学生。
There are three points to bear in mind.
你们应记住三点。
Firstly, you need to ask yourself what they need to know; secondly, it's useful to consider whether they'll be supportive or not;
首先，你要问问自己，他们需要知道些什么；其次，想想他们会不会支持你的观点，也非常有用；
and thirdly, will it be a small group, say three or four, a moderate gathering of twenty or so people (as for your current assignment) or will there be hundreds of people?
第三点，这是一个三四人的小组，或者会有二十来人，规模中等（和你们目前的任务要求一致），还是说会有上百人呢？
Having said all that, what I'm about to tell you will apply equally to any audience.
说了这么多，我将要告诉大家的东西对每种规模的观众都适用。
So, how do you structure your presentation? Right at the beginning, you should tell them something that forces them to pay attention.
你该怎么组织你的展示？在一开始，你就应该跟观众讲些事情，使得他们不得不集中注意力。
This could be something surprising or even shocking, but it needs to be relevant.
讲的内容可以是出乎意料的，或骇人听闻的，但必须是相关的。
After that, you need a list of items or topics showing them what you'll be covering-rather like an agenda - and then the main part of the presentation will follow.
之后，你需要列出（展示作品的）条目或主题，告诉观众们你将展示什么内容—这更像某种议程吧，接着就可以开始进入整场展示的主要部分了。
This main part will be the detailed information you'll be presenting and could include facts, statistics, personal experiences, etc.
展示的主要内容应是非常详细的信息，可包括客观事实、数据、个人经历等等。
After this you should summarise what you've presented and close with what I call "next steps".
接下来你应该总结一下所展示的内容，以我所称的“延伸”结尾。
For this assignment, you could simply point the group to other Sociology reference material.
对于这份作业而言，你可以直接给小组成员推荐些社会学参考材料。