中英文本

Plants in the Deserts
沙漠中的植物
Some cacti, like the saguaro, grow to tree size, but true trees need more moisture than most desert environments can supply, so they are scarce on deserts.
一些仙人掌，如撒瓜罗，能长到橡树那么高。但真正的树却需要比大多数沙漠所能提供的更多的水分，所以树在沙漠里是鲜见的。
Close to streambeds, cottonwoods can sometimes be found. Though these streams are dry most of the year, water flows there longest and is usually available fairly close to the surface. Elsewhere, trees must send taproots deep into the hard baked desert soil to draw on underground water. Perhaps the most widespread family of trees on the world's deserts is the acacia, whose taproots drill down as fas as 25 feet (7.5 meters).
在小溪河床附近，有时能发现三角叶杨。尽管一年的大多数时间里这些小溪都是干涸的，那里却是水流的时间最长的地方而且水分相当靠近地表。其他地方树木的主根必须深入受炙烤而坚硬的沙漠底部的土壤以吸取地下水。在沙漠里分布最广的树或许是刺魏，其主根能深达25英尺（合75米）。

The mesquite common on North American deserts in both tree and shrub forms, does not begin to grow above ground until its root system is completely developed, ensuring the plant a supply of moisture. The roots of shrubs and trees help to hold the desert soil in place. Their stalks and branches also act as screens to keep the wind from sweeping great drifts of sand along the surface. These services are vital if a desert is to support life.
牧豆树属植物不论是乔木和灌木，在北美沙漠中经常可见，在它根部系统完全生长发达到能保证提供充足的水分时才长出地面。灌木和树的根有助于固定沙漠中的土壤，它们的茎和树枝同时起屏障的作用，防止风从沙漠表面吹起大堆的沙。如果沙漠要支持生命，这种作用必不可少。
In addition to a few varieties of trees and tough shrubs, most deserts have grasses, herbs, and other annual plants. These do not compete for moisture with the longer lived growth. They spring up quickly after rains, when the surface is moist. Then, for a brief time, the desert can be literally carpeted with color. Almost as quickly as they appeared, these small plants die away. But they have developed special ways of ensuring the life of another generation when rains come again.
除了一些种类的树木和顽强的灌木外，大多数沙漠里还有青草、草本植物和其他年生植物。它们并不与长期生长的树木竞争水分。当雨后地表还潮湿时它们就迅速发芽，然后在一个短时间里，给沙漠铺上绿色地毯。这些小植物很快就消失了，几乎就像它们长出来时那样迅速，但它们已发展了特殊方式来保证在下次降雨来时下一代的生命。

重点讲解

1.close to 靠近；附近；接近

例句：No satellite of substantial size can exist close to its parent plant.
体积较大的卫星没有一颗能靠近其母星。

2.deep into 深入；深深的（形容程度）

例句：The creek had eroded deep into the little gully.
泾水把那狭窄的河床浸蚀得很厉害。
3.draw on 吸取，吸收

例句：You will do well to draw on the wisdom of the masses.
你们吸取群众的智慧是很好的。

4.compete for 角逐；竞争；为...比赛

例句：He was clever enough to compete for the mathematics scholarship.
他很聪明,可以参与竞争以获得数学奖学金。