Winters in the alps are daunting.
阿尔卑斯山脉的冬天是令人生畏的。
But in other mountain ranges, the challenges are even harder.
但在其他山脉，挑战甚至更严酷。
In the far east, warm, wet winds blow in across the sea of Japan.
在远东，温暖湿润的风从日本海吹来。
As they meet the 3,000-metre-high Japanese alps, they're forced upwards.
遇到高三千米的日本，它们被迫往上。
As the moist air rises, it freezes.
当潮湿空气向上抬升时会冻结。
And the water droplets they carry turn into snow.
空气中携带的水滴会转化成雪。
No two snow crystals are exactly the same.
没有两个雪花结晶是一模一样的。
In the mountains of Japan, 13 metres of snow can fall in just a few months.
在日本的山里，几个月内就能下13米深的雪。
It's the snowiest place on earth.
这里是地球上最多雪的地方。
To survive here, an animal needs all the help it can get.
要在这生存，动物需要所有能得到的帮助。
In winter, Japanese macaques can live at altitudes of up to 1,500 metres.
在冬天，日本猕猴能生活在最高1500米的高度。
Higher than almost any other primate.
比几乎所有灵长类生活的地方都高
But here, the warm volcanic pools are always ready and waiting.
但在这里，温暖的火山池永远都在待命着。

A nice hot bath lowers stress hormones for them, just as it does for us.
泡热水澡能降低它们的压力贺尔蒙，就跟我们一样。
Admission to this spa, however, is tightly controlled.
然而进入温泉的权利是被严格管控的。
The high-ranking females dictate who is allowed in, and who will be left out in the cold.
地位高的雌性们决定谁能进来，谁又会被留在外面的寒风中。
This three-year-old male has recently been expelled from his troop. He's hungry.
这只三岁的雄性最近才被它的群体放逐。它很饥饿。
Macaques are largely vegetarian.
猕猴大多数是草食性。
In the winter, when food of any kind is scarce, they will tackle anything remotely edible.
在冬天，当所有食物都很稀少时，它们会吃下任何可能可以吃的。
However, a lone young male is unlikely to survive much longer unless he can find a way of keeping warm.
但是，一只孤单的雄性不太可能生存多久，除非它能找到保持温暖的方式。
And to do so, he may have to travel through up to 50 miles of empty forest.
为了保暖，它可能得要迁移跨越超过50英里的空旷森林。
Bare hands and feet can become painfully cold. Rubbing them helps restore the circulation.
裸露手脚会非常地冷。揉搓手脚能帮忙恢复血液循环。
Frostbite could be fatal.
冻伤可能会致命。
Young male macaques are most likely to die in their first winter than at any other time.
相较于其他时期，年轻的雄性猕猴最可能在它们的第一个冬天就死亡。
Butjust like him, here is another young male outcast.
但跟它一样，这边有另外一只被放逐的年轻雄性。
Offering to groom is a standard way of establishing a friendly relationship among macaques.
帮忙理毛的提议，是猕猴之间一种建立友谊的标准方式。
And the stranger's warm embrace is very welcome.
陌生人的温暖拥抱是很受欢迎的。
By huddling together, they shield each other from the snow, and both their temperatures rise... just a little.
借由靠在一起，它们替彼此抵挡风雪，让彼此的体温都升高，虽然只有一点点。
This could be enough to save the lives of both of them.
但可能就足以救它们彼此的命。