(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
I'm Stan Busby. And I'm Shirley Griffith. Today we tell about a fighter for rights for women, Susan B. Anthony. In seventeen seventy-six, a new nation declared its freedom from Britain. The Declaration of Independence was the document written to express the reasons for seeking that freedom. It stated that all men were created equal. It said that all men had the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
Not every citizen of the new United States of America had one important right, however. That was the right to vote. At first, the only people permitted to vote in the United States were white men who owned property and could read. By eighteen sixty, most white male citizens over the age of twenty-one had the right to vote. The Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments to the Constitution gave black male citizens the right to vote. These amendments were passed in eighteen sixty-eight and eighteen seventy. Women were not really full citizens in America in the eighteen hundreds. They had no economic independence. For example, everything a woman owned when she got married belonged to her husband. If a married woman worked, the money she made belonged to her husband. In addition, women had no political power. They did not have the right to vote. In the eighteen fifties, women organized in an effort to gain voting rights. Their campaign was called the women's suffrage movement. Suffrage means the right to vote. American women sought to gain that right for more than seventy years.
One of the leaders of the movement was Susan B. Anthony of Massachusetts. Miss Anthony was a teacher. She believed that women needed economic and personal independence. She also believed that there was no hope for social improvement in the United States until women were given the same rights as men. The rights included the right to vote in public elections. Susan B. Anthony was born in eighteen twenty. Her parents were members of the Quaker religion. She became one too. The Quakers believed that the rights of women should be honored. They were the first religious group where women shared the leadership with men. As a young woman, Susan had strong beliefs about justice and equality for women and for black people. And she was quick to speak out against what she believed was not just. Many young men wanted to marry her. But she could not consider marrying a man who was not as intelligent as she. She once said: "I can never understand why intelligent girls should want to marry fools just to get married. Many are willing to do so. But I am not. " She did meet some young men who were intelligent. But it always seemed that they expected women to be their servants, not their equals. Susan B. Anthony became a school teacher in New York state. She realized that women could never become full citizens without some political power. They could never get such power until they got the right to vote. She went from town to town in New York state trying to get women interested in their right to vote. But they did not seem interested. Miss Anthony felt this was because women were not able to do anything for themselves. They had no money, or property of their own. The struggle seemed long and hard. She said: "As I went from town to town, I understood more and more the evil we must fight. The evil is that women cannot change anything as long as they must depend on men for their very lives. Women cannot change anything until they themselves are independent. They cannot be free until they have the legal right to own property and to keep the money they make by working. " Miss Anthony went to every city, town and village in New York state. She organized meetings in schools, churches, and public places. Everywhere she went, she carried pamphlets urging rights for women. She urged the lawmakers of New York to change the state law and give women the right to own property. Her campaign in New York failed at that time. But elsewhere the struggle for women's rights was making progress.
In eighteen fifty-one, Susan B. Anthony met Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Missus Stanton also supported equal rights for women. Missus Stanton had many children. She needed to remain at home to raise her large family. Miss Anthony, however, was not married. She was free to travel, to speak, and to organize for the women's rights movement. The two women cooperated in leading the fight to gain rights for women in the United States. Their first important success came in eighteen sixty when New York finally approved a married woman's law. For the first time in New York, a married woman could own property. And, she had a right to the money she was paid for work she did. At last, Miss Anthony's campaign was beginning to show results. The campaign spread to other states. The end of the American Civil War in eighteen sixty-five freed Negroes from slavery. Susan B. Anthony felt that there was still much to be done to get full freedom -- for Negroes and also for women. She began to campaign for the right for Negroes and women to vote. The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was approved in eighteen sixty-eight. It gave Negro men the right to vote. But it did not give women the right to vote. Susan B. Anthony led efforts to have voting rights for women included in the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. Her efforts were not successful. Then Miss Anthony decided to test the legal basis of the Fourteenth Amendment. She did this during the presidential election of eighteen seventy-two. On election day, Miss Anthony led a group of women to vote in Rochester, New York. Two weeks later, Miss Anthony was arrested. She was charged with voting although she had no legal right to do so. Before her trial, Susan B. Anthony traveled around New York state. She spoke to many groups about the injustice of denying women the right to vote. She said: "Our democratic, republican government is based on the idea that every person shall have a voice and a vote in making the laws and putting them to work. It is we, the people -- all the people -- not just white men or men only, who formed this nation. We formed it to get liberty not just for half of us -- not just for half of our children -- but for all, for women as well as men. "Is the right to vote a necessary right of citizens? To my mind, it is a most important right. Without it, all other rights are nothing. "
Susan B. Anthony was tried and found guilty of violating the law. She was ordered to pay one hundred dollars as a punishment. She said the law was wrong. She refused to pay. Miss Anthony then led efforts to gain voting rights for women through a new amendment to the Constitution. She traveled across the country to campaign for such an amendment until she was seventy-five years old. In nineteen-oh-four, she spoke to a committee of the United States Senate for the last time. The committee was discussing the proposal for an amendment to the Constitution giving women the right to vote. She knew the victory would come. But she also knew it would not come while she was alive. Susan B. Anthony died in nineteen-oh-six at the age of eighty-six. Thirteen years later, in nineteen nineteen, Congress passed the Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution. The amendment stated that the right to vote shall not be denied because of a person's sex. The amendment had to be approved by three-fourths of the states. It won final approval on August twenty-sixth, nineteen twenty. It was called the Anthony Amendment, to honor Susan B. Anthony.
重点解析
1.permit 许可；允许
The parliament permits women to vote.
议会准许妇女选举。
2.economic independence 经济上的独立
Without political independence, you can't begin to talk about economic independence.
没有政治上的独立，就谈不到经济上的独立。
3.deny 否认
There's no denying the fact that quicker action could have saved them.
无可否认，如果行动快一点，本来是救得了他们的。
4.If a married woman worked, the money she made belonged to her husband.
belong to 属于
They belong to the Knights of Columbus.
他们是哥伦布骑士会的成员。
5.And she was quick to speak out against what she believed was not just.
speak out against 公然反对
The newspapers are afraid to speak out against the government.
报界不敢大胆地讲出反对政府的话。
6.The two women cooperated in leading the fight to gain rights for women in the United States.
cooperate in 在……方面合作
If you lie while you are under oath, you can be found guilty of perjury.
假如立誓之后还撒谎，你可能被判伪证罪。
参考译文
我是斯坦·巴斯比。我是雪梨·格里菲斯。今天我们将讲述一名为女性权利而斗争的女性—苏珊·布朗奈尔·安东尼。1776年，一个新的国家从英国宣布获得自由。《独立宣言》的书写是为了表达其寻求自由的原因。《宣言》中写到人人生而平等。所有人都有生存、自由和追求幸福的权利。但是并不是所有新生美国公民拥有一项重要的权利，即投票权。起初，只有拥有财产且会读写的白人男性才被允许在美国投票。到1860年，多数年龄超过21岁的白人男都性公民拥有投票权。第十四和第十五次宪法修正案赋予了黑人男性公民投票权。这些修正案于1868年和1870年通过。而在1800年，女性并不属于真正的公民。她们的经济没有独立。例如，一个女性所有的一切都在她结婚后归属于她的丈夫。如果一个已婚女性有工作，她所挣的钱属于她的丈夫。此外，女性没有政治权。她们没有投票权。1850年代，女性组织在一起为投票权抗争。她们的运动被称为女性投票权运动。选举权是投票的权利。七十多年来，美国女性都在寻求获得投票权。运动中的领导者之一是马萨诸塞州的苏珊·布朗奈尔·安东尼。安东尼小姐是一名教师。她认为女性需要经济和个人独立。她还认为女性如果没有和男性一样的权利，那么社会进步是没有希望的。这些权利包括公开选举的投票权。
苏珊·B·安东尼出生于1820年。她的父母是贵格会教徒，她也是。贵格会信徒认为女性的权利应受到尊重。贵格会是首个和男性共享领导权的宗教组织。作为一名年轻的女性，苏珊坚定地相信女性和黑人的公正和平等。很快她便公开反对这些不平等，很多年轻男性想娶她。但是她并不考虑嫁给一个不如她的男性。她曾说：“我无法理解为什么聪明的女孩应该嫁给那些愚蠢的人。很多女孩都愿意这么做，但我不愿。”她确实遇见了一些聪明的男性。但是他们似乎期待女性成为他们的仆人，而不是和他们平等。苏珊·B·安东尼成为了纽约的一名老师。她意识到女性没有政治权利的话，永远不能成为真正的公民。她们或许永远得不到这种权利，除非她们获得投票权。她穿梭于纽约城镇之中，试图让女性对她们的投票权感兴趣。但是她们似乎不感兴趣。安东尼小姐感觉这是因为女性不能为自己做任何事情。她们没有钱，也没有自己的财产。斗争漫长而艰苦。她说：“在我穿梭与城镇之中时，我们所需抗争的邪恶越来越多。邪恶之处在于，只要女性必须依靠男人生活的话，女性什么也改变不了。女性无法改变任何事情，除非她们自己独立。她们无法自由，除非她们有拥有自己的财产的权利并能保留自己的工资。”
安东尼小姐想去纽约的每个城镇和乡村。她们在学校、教堂和公众场合组织会议。她去到每个地方都会带上小册子宣传女性权利。她力劝纽约执法者更改州法并赋予女性拥有财产的权利。那时她在纽约的运动失败了。但是其他地方的女性权利斗争都取得进步。1851年，苏珊·B·安东尼遇到了伊丽莎白·卡迪·斯坦顿。斯坦顿太太也支持女性平等权利。斯坦顿太太孩子很多。她需要留在家里照顾他们。而安东尼小姐未婚。她可以自由地去任何地方并组织女性权利运动。两位女性合作领导美国女性权利斗争。她们首次重要成功在1860年，当时纽约最终通过了一条已婚女性法律。在纽约，已婚女性首次可以拥有财产，并有权使用自己的工资。最终，安东尼小姐的运动开始显现结果。这个运动扩散至其他州。
1865年，美国内战结束，黑人脱离奴隶制。苏珊·B·安东尼认为为了取得完全的自由，仍有许多需要做的，不仅为黑人也为了女性。她开始是组织运动为黑人和女性争取投票权。第十四次美国宪法修正案于1868年通过。其赋予了黑人男性投票权，但是女性人没有。苏珊·B·安东尼为第十四次美国宪法修正案中加入女性投票权而努力。努力并不成功。然后安东尼小姐决定验证第十四次美国宪法修正案的法律根据。她在1872年的总统选举中做了验证。选举日那一天，安东尼小姐带领一组女性去纽约罗契斯特市投票。两周后，安东尼小姐被捕了。她被指控投票，她并没有投票的合法权利。在她验证前，苏珊·B·安东尼游遍纽约。她和很多群体讨论否认女性投票权的不公平性。她说：“我们民主、共和政府的建立基于这样的想法—每个人都在制定法律和实行法律的过程中有话语权和投票权。是我们，是所有人，不是仅有白人男性或只有男性，建立了这个国家。我们建立这个国家是为了获得自由，不仅是为了一半的人口—不仅是为了一半的儿童—而是所有人，男性和女性。”投票权是公民必要权利么？照我看来，这是最重要的权利。没有了投票权，其他所有权利都不值一提。”
苏珊·B·安东尼被判违反法律。作为惩罚，她被要求支付一百美元。她说法律是错的。她拒绝支付罚款。安东尼小姐通过宪法修正案为女性争取投票权。她游遍纽约为修正案助力直到她75岁。1904年，她最后一次与美国议会委员会对话。委员会讨论了修正宪法赋予女性投票权的宪法。她知道胜利在望。但是她也知道在她活着的时候是看不到了。1906年，86岁的苏珊·B·安东尼去世了。13年后的1919年，议会通过了第十九次宪法修正案。修正案中写到，不能因一个人的性别而否定他的投票权。 三分之四的州通过了该修正案。1920年8月26日获得最后批准。该法案被称为安东尼修正案，以纪念苏珊·B·安东尼。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
