2.3 Administrative Agencies

2.3 行政机构

In addition to the above court systems, some administrative agencies have been established out of the court system ，

除上诉法院体制外，美国还在法院体制之外设立了一些行政机构，

to monitor compliance with various federal statutory schemes and are empowered to commence proceedings or actions for violations of those laws.

用以监督联邦法律的实施并被授权对违反联邦法律的行为提起法律诉讼。

For example, the United States Department of Justice monitors and investigates compliance with the antitrust laws ，

例如，美国司法部负责监督和调查反托拉斯法的遵守情况，

and is empowered to commence suits on behalf of the United States to remedy or correct violations.

并被授权代表美国提起诉讼，矫正或纠正违反该法的行为。

The Federal Trade Commission is the governmental agency that monitors compliance with law ，

联邦贸易委员会负责监督与贸易条例有关的法律的执行情况，

relating to trade regulations and is empowered to take actions to ensure compliance.

并被授权进行正式的调查并采取行动确保这些法律得以遵守。

The Securities and Exchange Commission monitors compliance with a broad range of laws governing all aspects of securities transactions.

证券交易委员会监督规范证券交易法律的执行情况。

Besides, there are other federal administrative agencies with similar functions：

其他有类似作用的联邦行政机构还有：

such as Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Interstate Commerce Commission, and the Federal Communications Commission, etc.

核管制委员会、州际商业委员会和联邦电讯委员会。