视频文本

This chart shows the 3 main nutrients that childhood
这幅图展示了儿童癌症治愈者所缺少的3种
cancer survivors were deficient in; folate, calcium
主要的营养成分 叶酸盐、钙、铁
and iron. This chart also compares their
这图也比较了他们同正常儿童相比
deficiencies to a normal children’s diet.

所缺少的营养
As you can see both children diagnosed with cancer
正如你看到的，不管是患有癌症的儿童
and normal healthy children are deficient in calcium
还是正常健康儿童都会缺钙
whereas childhood cancer survivors are also uniquely
然而儿童癌症治愈者却缺少叶酸盐和铁
deficient in folate and iron. These nutrient
这些营养成分缺失
deficiencies could have negative health implications
对他们以后的生活健康是非常不利的
later in life.So what can we conclude from this study?
从这项研究中 我们能得出什么结论呢
While this study showed that 32% of childhood cancer
尽管这项研究显示 32%的癌症儿童幸存者
survivors are not meeting their requirements for
并没有达到钙的需求量
calcium other literature suggests that up to 68% of
其他的材料也显示68%的癌症儿童幸存者
childhood cancer survivors are not meeting the
没有达到规定的钙的需求量
guidelines for calcium intake. This population is
这些群体更有可能患
at a greater risk of developing complications related
和骨质疏松正相关的并发症
to osteoporosis because their cancer treatments may
因为他们的癌症治疗
have altered their bone metabolism interfering with
可能改变了他们的骨骼新陈代谢
their ability to obtain peak bone mass during growth.
这阻碍了他们在生长期间获得骨峰值的能力
While treatment greatly affects children’s overall
然而 治疗极大的影响了孩子整体的骨密度
bone mineral density it is a multi factorial process
这是一个多因子过程
and adequate calcium intake, especially in the form
尤其以奶制品的形式充足的摄入钙
of dairy, as well as weight bearing exercises can help
负重锻炼可以帮助阻止诸如
prevent complications such as osteoporosis and help
骨质疏松症等并发症的发生 帮助孩子
kids obtain a peak bone mass.The 50% of children
获得骨峰值 50%缺乏叶酸盐的孩子
deficient in folate are also at risk of long term
也有着长期的健康问题
health effects. Many studies have shown a direct link
许多研究显示 在降低的也算盐摄入量
between decreased folic acid intake and increased
和增高的同型半胱氨基酸积累之间
rates of homocysteine accumulation. In the body folate
有着直接联系
acts as a co enzyme and participates in several single
体内的叶酸盐作为一种辅酶 参与好几种
carbon transfer reactions such as the synthesis of
单一的碳循环反应 比如说
components in DNA, RNA and proteins. Homocysteine is
DNA,RNA,和蛋白质的合成
an amino acid that under normal conditions is
同型半胱氨基酸在正常情况下
converted to mathyenine with the help of folate thus
在叶酸的帮助下 转化成谷胱甘肽
once folate is lacking in the diet homocysteine levels
因此 一旦饮食上缺乏叶酸
build up which is not good. Increased levels of
同型半胱氨基酸就会增加 这就不好了
homocysteine are associated with increased risk of
同型半胱氨基酸增加和心脏以及血液浓度
heart and blood level diseases such as atherosclerosis
等疾病都有关系 比如动脉硬化
and blood clots. Children should consume dark leafy
和血栓 孩子应当多吃深颜色的绿色蔬菜
green vegetables which are rich in folate to prevent
这些蔬菜富含叶酸可以阻止
this deficiency. Many fortified foods such as fortified
这种缺陷 许多强化食品 诸如强化谷物
cereals, breads or pastas are good sources of folate
面包或意大利面 都是好的叶酸来源
as well. Iron deficiency can be very dangerous
孩子缺乏铁也会很危险
in children. Iron has several vital functions in the
铁在身体中扮演诸多重要角色
body including carrying oxygen into the tissues from
包括以血红蛋白的形式从肺部
the lungs in the form of hemoglobin. The direct
把氧气运输到组织
consequence of iron deficiency is iron deficiency
缺铁最直接的后果就是贫血症
anemia. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness and hair
症状表现为疲劳，虚弱，掉头发
loss. The best source of iron in any diet is red meat
红色肉类是获得铁最好的食物来源
however sometimes it’s hard for kids to eat a lot of
然而 有时候对于孩子来说吃很多红肉
red meat. Another alternative to this is to have
很难 那就让孩子每天吃一点
children take a one a day supplement that contains
含铁的补充品
iron. Quality supplements should meet 100% or less of
好的补充品应当满足每日的推荐营养量
the RDA for that nutrient.
或者稍稍少点
So in conclusion malnutrition should be avoided in
总之 儿童接受癌症治疗时
children receiving cancer treatments. The common causes
应避免营养不良
of malnutrition include the chemotherapy and other
营养不良最常见的起因包括化疗
aggressive treatments as well as the increased metabolic
以及其他的积极治疗 还有由于癌症类型
rates due to the specific types of cancer. Going along
而增加的新陈代谢速率
with this the side effects of malnutrition included
营养不良的副作用包括
increased treatment time, a decreased quality of life
治疗时间增加 幸存后的生活质量下降
after survival and a greater chance of becoming
以及以后的生活中消瘦或者超重
underweight or overweight later in life. While enteral
然而 肠道营养是营养支持最好的形式
nutritional is the best form of nutritional support in
在大多数情况下
most cases parenteral nutrition has been shown to be
肠外营养是改善营养不良
the best for reversing malnutrition. And finally after
的最好方式 最终
undergoing cancer treatment children are usually most
孩子在经过癌症治疗以后
deficient in folate, calcium and iron meaning dietary
通常会缺乏叶酸盐 钙 铁
intervention should be taken to counter act. Thank you
就意味着我们应当采取饮食干预来应对
all for listening, I hope you have enjoyed the
谢谢收听
presentation and learned something today.
我希望你们喜欢今天的介绍并且学有所获

视频及简介

视频简介：

本课程的目标是，向公众提供最新的有关营养方面的信息和话题，内容涵盖饮食因素对于癌症的影响作用，健康的饮食习惯，学校能提供的营养有哪些，咖啡因与癌症的联系，水果蔬菜与癌症预防等。通过本课程的学习，人们可以学习到健康的生活饮食习惯，在每天的饮食中防癌症于未然。