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It's now without doubt that dogs are domesticated wolves,
毫无疑问的 狗就是被驯养了的狼
But how and when did it happen?
可这是怎么发生的 何时发生的呢
Again, the archaeological record is inconclusive.
重申一次 考古学的记录不是决定性的
What is clearly a dog?
怎样才算是一条真正的狗
Clearly, a dog is something which is clearly not a wolf.
很明显 狗和狼有区别的
Well, here's a wolf skull and as you can see it's a long,
这是只狼的头骨 它的头骨
quite low skull with a relatively flat top.
狭长 低浅且顶部相对平坦
The teeth are quite large and the thing is quite narrow.
比起家狗这些牙齿更加的显得
Compare that with a domestic dog.
巨大和狭长
This is a cairn terrier and as you can see,
正如你所见 这是一种小猎狗的头骨
The process of domestication has gone really quite a long way.
狗的驯化历史非常悠久
The whole face is very much shorter,
整个脸部显得更加短小了
it's been contracted towards the brain case.
它向头盖骨的方向收缩
The brain case itself has a much steeper front
头盖骨就变得非常的陡峭
and a much more bowed upper surface.
形成一个弓形的上表面
So if you found that, you would be
因此当你察觉到了这些
in no doubt you were dealing with a domestic dog.
毫无无疑 你面对的是条家狗
But this is a domestic alsatian and
这是只驯养的阿尔萨斯牧羊犬
telling these apart really would be substantially difficult.
分辨这些就会变得非常困难
And since early dogs were probably very wolf-like,
自古以来 狗就与狼非常的相似
it's hard to pinpoint when domestication happened
从骨头的形状来分析 精确的找出
by looking at the shape of the bones.
驯化发生的时间点是很困难的一件事情

重点解释

So if you found that, you would be in no doubt you were dealing with a domestic dog.因此当你察觉到了这些毫无无疑你面对的是条家狗

no doubt:无疑； 必定

No doubt her death is related to politics.

她的死无疑和政治有关。

No doubt the chairman will want one last change.

无疑地主席意志需要一最后的变化。

it's hard to pinpoint when domestication happened by looking at the shape of the bones.从骨头的形状来分析精确的找出驯化发生的时间点是很困难的一件事情

pinpoint:确地找到；瞄准；使突出

It's difficult to pinpoint the cause of the accident.

很难清楚地找到事故发生的原因。

With this device, we can pinpoint your exact location.

有了这个仪器，我们可以精确地标出你的位置。

词汇搭配:

pinpoint pass精确的传球

pinpoint program非常详细的程序表...

pinpoint navigation定点航行

pinpoint attack精确攻击,对点状目标...

pinpoint photograph定点照相