原文欣赏

But Louis was only human. And after years of good health,
但路易也是凡人 尽管多年健康
he began to suffer from a serious medical problem,
他仍患了一种重病:
an anal fistula.
肛瘘
This was an extremely serious condition
以17世纪的医疗条件来说
in the context of the 17th century.
路易的情况格外糟糕
The risk of it becoming gangrenous,
脱疽 也就是脓液
that the pus would seep into the rest of the body and infect
渗入并感染身体其他部位的
was very great indeed.
可能性很大
Untreated, it would almost certainly have killed the King.
如果不及时治疗 将导致死亡
The only way that it was likely to be cured
唯一的治疗方法
was through invasive surgery.
就是进行入侵性外科手术
Such surgery had had a very poor success rate.
但成功率很低
But Louis instructed his doctors to go ahead.
路易却命令医生继续进行
His senior physician devised a new instrument
他的首席医师发明了
especially for the operation.
一种手术专用工具
The doctors involved in the operation
手术医生
practised on a number of others
预先已经在许多其他病人
who had anal fistulas before hand.
身上实验手术
But it was nonetheless still a very risky operation.
但手术风险仍然很大
In the 17th century,
在17世纪
the doctors were much more likely to kill you than cure you.
医生杀人多于医人
Huge effort was made at Versailles
凡尔赛宫上下
to keep the details of this secret,
尽力对手术保密
because it was felt so likely that the King wouldn't survive,
因为国王很有可能无法存活
that the diplomatic repercussions of this
而由此导致的政治变革
would sweep through Europe.
将会席卷欧洲
He was so stalwart during the operation, he never spoke at all.
他在手术中很顽强 一言不发
Imagine the pain, no anaesthetic.
当时没有麻醉药 痛苦难以想象
This extraordinary self control he had,
路易的自控力超乎寻常
he just gritted his teeth,
他只是紧咬牙关
and conducted himself with great dignity.
表现出超凡的尊严
And that night, he took a counsel meeting. Extraordinary,
那晚他参加了议会会议 很惊人
very pale with a sort of sheen of sweat,
他脸色苍白 汗珠晶亮
but he made it.
但他还是做到了
重点讲解
一.suffer：vt. 遭受，忍受，容忍 vi. 受苦，患病，受损失
【词义辨析】
1.stand, bear, endure, tolerate, suffer, abide, withstand,
stand: 口语用词，常可与hear换用，但侧重指经受得起。
bear: 强调容忍，是普通用语。
endure: 书面用词，指长时间忍受痛苦和不幸，着重体力或意志力的坚强不屈服。
tolerate: 指以自我克制的态度，对待令人反感或厌恶的东西，含默认宽容意味。
suffer: 通常指非自愿或被迫忍受各种痛苦、困难或不快，强调受到苦难。
abide: 指忍受长期的痛苦或折磨，强调耐心和屈从。多用于否定句和疑问句中。
withstand: 指因具有一定实力、权力或能力而能忍受某种情况。
2.undergo, experience, sustain, suffer,
undergo: 多指经受艰难、痛苦、不愉快或危险等事。
experience: 指亲身经受或体验某事。
sustain: 指遭受痛苦或承受负担。
suffer: 常可与sustain通用，尤指受到损害或伤害。
【例句用法】
1.How can you suffer such insolence?
你怎么能容忍这种蛮横的态度？
2.She couldn't suffer criticism.
她受不了批评。
3.They suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
他们在经济危机时遭受了巨大的损失。
二.conduct：n. 行为，举动，品行 v. 引导，指挥，管理 vt. 导电，传热
【词义辨析】
1.accompany, conduct, attend, escort,
accompany: 既可指人也可指物。用于人时，侧重关系紧密或同时发生。
conduct: 无论用于人或物均指引导带领。
attend: 侧重主从关系，即下级对上级，学生对老师等，或表恭顺、服侍。
escort: 通常指用车或人在陆上伴随、护送，其目的是保护或出于礼节。
2.behavior, conduct, manner,
behavior: 普通用词，侧重指某人在特定场合对他人或在他人面前的表现的行为、举止。
conduct: 较正式用词，泛指某人的行动。侧重根据社会道德标准和责任感。
manner: 主要用来指人的习惯行为。
3.direct, conduct, guide, lead, pilot,
direct: 指为某人指方向，但自己不一定亲自引路，也可表示指导一群人的事或活动。
conduct: 正式用词，指引导某人去某处，强调亲自带领；也强调监督管理一群有共同目的或目标的人。
guide: 普通用词，可与conduct换用，指引导者与被引导者双方彼此合作，共同努力的关系。
lead: 指走在前面给某人引路或带路，共同去达到某一目标。用于抽象意义时，指在某项活动或运动中起主导和组织作用。
pilot: 从原义“为飞机、轮船导航”借喻为指亲自带领某人去某处。
4.perform, conduct, do, execute, fulfil,
perform: 指完成困难较大、较复杂的任务，较正式用词。
conduct: >和perform一样比较正式，二者意义相近，但conduct含指导、领导或监督等意味。
do: 最普通常用词，指完成某项具体工作、任务，也指完成某种行为或动作。
execute: 指需专门技术、熟练技巧去完成某种复杂的任务或表演等，也指用行动把计划或打算付诸实施或执行某项命令。
fulfil: 指履行和实现所许诺的、所期望或要求的事情，含最终完成的意味。
【词语用法】
1.conduct同behaviour，前面通常不加a，且也无复数形式；
2.conduct和behaviour的意思相近，但是conduct强调道德方面，behaviour强调外表方面，如提及那些在表面循规蹈矩而暗中不守规矩的人，可以说这个人有好的behaviour，但有不好的conduct。一般指儿童的行为时多用behaviour。
【例句用法】
1.I think he conducted himself admirably, considering the difficult circumstances.
考虑到那种困难的情况，我认为他的表现令人钦佩。
2.Copper conducts electricity better than iron does.
铜的导电性比铁强。
3.The reporter was accused of unprofessional conduct.
那位记者被控有违反职业道德的行为。