Kinds of Banks
银行的种类
Mary Smith's boy-friend ,Tom Brown ,is a clerk at the First National Bank .He and Mary are talking about the different types of banks and bank services .
玛丽·史密斯的男朋友汤姆·布郎是第一国民银行的职员，他在和玛丽谈论各种不同类型的银行和银行的各种业务。
Smith :I don't understand what you mean when you say commercial bank.Tom ,aren't all banks the same?
史密斯：我不明白你所说的商业银行是什么意思，汤姆，所有银行不都是一样的吗?
Brown :No ,there are different types of banks ,Mary .
布郎：不是的，有着各种不同类型的银行，玛丽。
Usually the word bank refers only to the commercial banks like the one I work for .
通常讲“银行”这个词仅仅是指商业银行，就象我工作的这家银行一样。
They're the banks that offer a full range of checking and savings-account services and make all kinds of loans .
这种银行提供支票和储蓄全套的服务，并从事各种类型的贷款事宜。
S:Well,what other kinds of banks are there?
史密斯：噢，那么还有哪些类型的银行呢?
B:The second large category is called the Savings and Loan Association or the Building and Loan Association .
布郎：第二大类称做“储蓄和贷款协会”，或“建房信用协会”，
Some people call them Savings Banks,but they are technically not banks .
一些人称它们为储蓄银行。但是，从法律上讲，它们并不是银行，
They specialize in long-term savings accounts and usually lend money for mortgages.
而是专门办理长期储蓄存款户头，通常把钱借出去做为抵押。
S:What about mutual Savings Banks?What does that mean?
史密斯：“互助储蓄银行”是怎么回事?业务内容是什么呢?
B:Those are special savings association ,like savings and loan associations,which are owned by the depositors instead of stockholders .
布郎：那是一些特殊的储蓄协会，像储蓄和贷款协会一样，是归储户所有，而不是属于股东所有。
Usually they specialize in mortgages ,too.
通常，它们也是专门从事抵押业务。
S:Why don't they offer checking accounts like your bank does ?
史密斯：它们为什么不象你们的银行一样提供支票帐户服务呢?
B:They are organized for different purposes and they don't have the authority to offer checking accouts.
布郎：各种银行是为不同的目的而建起来的，因此它们无权提供支票帐户，
That's a function for commercial banks only .
只有商业银行可以有这种业务。
S:What's a long-term or industrial bank?
史密斯：什么是“长期银行”或“工业银行”?
B:That's a special bank for industrial development .
布郎：这是为工业发展而设立的专业银行